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拓展3-氟-2-(膦酰甲氧基)丙基无环核苷膦酸酯的抗病毒谱:二戊基天冬氨酸酰胺前药

Expanding the Antiviral Spectrum of 3-Fluoro-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates: Diamyl Aspartate Amidate Prodrugs.

作者信息

Luo Min, Groaz Elisabetta, Andrei Graciela, Snoeck Robert, Kalkeri Raj, Ptak Roger G, Hartman Tracy, Buckheit Robert W, Schols Dominique, De Jonghe Steven, Herdewijn Piet

机构信息

Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven , Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.

Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven , Herestraat 49 bus 1043, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.

出版信息

J Med Chem. 2017 Jul 27;60(14):6220-6238. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00416. Epub 2017 Jul 6.

Abstract

Acyclic nucleosides containing a 3-fluoro-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl (FPMP) side chain are known to be moderately potent antihuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agents, while being completely devoid of antiviral activity against a wide range of DNA viruses. The derivatization of the phosphonic acid functionality of FPMPs with a diamyl aspartate phenoxyamidate group led to a novel generation of compounds that not only demonstrate drastically improved antiretroviral potency but also are characterized by an expanded spectrum of activity that also covers hepatitis B and herpes viruses. The best compound, the (S)-FPMPA amidate prodrug, exerts anti-HIV-1 activity in TZM-bl and peripheral blood mononuclear cells at low nanomolar concentrations and displays excellent potency against hepatitis B virus (HBV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). This prodrug is stable in acid and human plasma media, but it is efficiently processed in human liver microsomes with a half-life of 2 min. The (R) isomeric guanine derivative emerged as a selectively active anti-HIV and anti-HBV inhibitor, while being nontoxic to human hepatoblastoma cells. Notably, the pyrimidine containing prodrug (S)-Asp-FPMPC is the only congener within this series to demonstrate micromolar antihuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) potency.

摘要

含有3-氟-2-(膦酰基甲氧基)丙基(FPMP)侧链的无环核苷已知是中等效力的抗人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)药物,同时对多种DNA病毒完全没有抗病毒活性。用二戊基天冬氨酸苯氧基酰胺基对FPMPs的膦酸官能团进行衍生化,产生了新一代化合物,这些化合物不仅显示出显著提高的抗逆转录病毒效力,而且其活性谱得到扩展,还涵盖了乙型肝炎病毒和疱疹病毒。最佳化合物,即(S)-FPMPA酰胺前药,在低纳摩尔浓度下对TZM-bl细胞和外周血单核细胞具有抗HIV-1活性,并且对乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和水痘带状疱疹病毒(VZV)显示出优异的效力。这种前药在酸性和人血浆介质中稳定,但在人肝微粒体中能有效转化,半衰期为2分钟。(R)异构体鸟嘌呤衍生物是一种选择性有活性的抗HIV和抗HBV抑制剂,对人肝癌细胞无毒。值得注意的是,含嘧啶的前药(S)-Asp-FPMPC是该系列中唯一显示出微摩尔抗人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)效力的同系物。

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