Mid-term to long-term outcome of the open Bankart repair for recurrent traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder.

BACKGROUND

The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term outcome of the open Bankart repair for traumatic, recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder by evaluation of recurrence, range of motion, return to sports, arthritis, patient satisfaction, and outcome measures.

METHODS

Of 162 patients, 127 patients (mean age, 31 years) were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 17.1 years (5-24) after undergoing an open Bankart repair using suture anchors. An independent orthopedic surgeon obtained a history and examined each for range of motion. Radiographs for arthritis and osteolysis were obtained unless the patient refused. Questionnaires including return to sports and function as well as satisfaction and outcome measures were completed by all patients.

RESULTS

There was 1 recurrent dislocation (0.8%) and 1 recurrent subluxation (0.8%) but no pain or apprehension. All remaining shoulders were stable. Compared with the normal shoulder, there was statistical difference in external rotation in abduction and at the side as well as in internal rotation but not in forward elevation or abduction. However, no patient considered any measurable loss functionally significant. Of 107 patients who participated in sports, 98 returned to the sport; 7 of the remaining 9 discontinued for reasons other than the shoulder. There were 91 patients who agreed to radiography; 48 had normal findings, 34 had mild arthrosis, 9 had moderate arthrosis, and none had severe arthrosis. Mean postoperative outcome scores were as follows: American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, 93.53; Rowe, 91.41; and Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index, 327.7. There were 125 patients who were satisfied and would undergo the procedure again.

CONCLUSION

The open Bankart procedure remains the standard by which other techniques can be measured for treatment of recurrent, traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder.