自述磨牙症患者的人格特征与牙齿焦虑。一项横断面研究。

Personality traits and dental anxiety in self-reported bruxism. A cross-sectional study.

机构信息

Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.

出版信息

J Dent. 2017 Oct;65:45-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.07.002. Epub 2017 Jul 3.

DOI:10.1016/j.jdent.2017.07.002

PMID:28684309

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between psychological factors (Personality and Dental anxiety) with self-reported bruxism-related symptoms.

METHODS

526 subjects, over 18 years old and not seeking dental treatment, were recruited from the families and acquaintances of dental students from the University of Salamanca. Bruxism activity was estimated by means of a six-item questionnaire aimed at recording common bruxism-related symptoms and clenching/grinding awareness. The Spanish version of the modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS) was used to determine the level of anxiety perceived in 5 typical scenarios of dental assistance. The NEO-FFI inventory was applied to assess personality profiles associated with 5 different factors (neuroticism, extroversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness). Pearson correlations, Student T-tests, and logistic regression modelling were used for the statistical analyses.

RESULTS

Thirty-five point nine percent of this adults sample was classified as being bruxers, where sleep bruxers comprised more than half of the sample at 20.2%. Bruxers tended to perceive more anxiety in all of the situations included within the MDAS, where they exhibited a higher level of phobia towards the teeth scaling and local anaesthetic injection. The risk of being considered a bruxer is reduced with age (OR: 0.99), and increases proportionally for some personality traits, such as neuroticism (OR: 1.06) and extraversion(OR: 1.04), to the MDAS total score (OR: 1.08) and in smokers (OR: 1.61), after controlling for all potentially confounding factors.

CONCLUSIONS

Self-reported bruxism is significantly associated to several personality traits (mainly neuroticism and extraversion) and to the level of dental anxiety (MDAS score).

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Clinicians should be aware of the typical psychological profiles of patients who experience bruxism and the relationship with dental phobias.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在探讨心理因素（人格和牙科焦虑）与自我报告的磨牙症相关症状之间的关系。

方法

本研究共招募了 526 名年龄在 18 岁以上且未寻求牙科治疗的受试者，他们来自萨拉曼卡大学牙科学生的家庭和熟人。通过一项六条目问卷来评估磨牙症活动，该问卷旨在记录常见的磨牙症相关症状和紧咬牙/磨牙意识。使用改良牙科焦虑量表（MDAS）的西班牙语版本来确定在 5 种典型的牙科治疗场景中感知到的焦虑水平。应用 NEO-FFI 量表评估与 5 种不同因素（神经质、外向性、开放性、宜人性和尽责性）相关的人格特征。采用 Pearson 相关分析、Student t 检验和逻辑回归模型进行统计分析。

结果

该成年人样本中有 35.9%被归类为磨牙症患者，其中睡眠磨牙症患者占样本的一半以上，为 20.2%。磨牙症患者在 MDAS 中包含的所有情况下都倾向于感知到更多的焦虑，并且对牙齿刮治和局部麻醉注射表现出更高的恐惧程度。随着年龄的增长，被认为是磨牙症患者的风险降低（OR：0.99），并且与 MDAS 总分（OR：1.08）和吸烟者（OR：1.61）呈比例增加，与所有潜在的混杂因素无关。