Schaefer Heike L, Brandes Haiko, Ulber Bernd, Becker Heiko C, Vidal Stefan
Department for Crop Sciences, Division of Plant Pathology and Plant Protection, Section of Agricultural Entomology, Goettingen, Georg-August University, Germany.
Department of Crop Sciences, Section of Plant Breeding, Goettingen, Georg-August University, Germany.
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 7;12(7):e0180807. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180807. eCollection 2017.
The rape stem weevil, Ceutorhynchus napi Gyll., is a serious pest of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) crops in Europe causing severe yield loss. In currently used oilseed rape cultivars no resistance to C. napi has been identified. Resynthesized lines of B. napus have potential to broaden the genetic variability and may improve resistance to insect pests. In this study, the susceptibility to C. napi of three cultivars, one breeding line and five resynthesized lines of oilseed rape was compared in a semi-field plot experiment under multi-choice conditions. Plant acceptance for oviposition was estimated by counting the number of C. napi larvae in stems. The larval instar index and the dry body mass were assessed as indicators of larval performance. The extent of larval feeding within stems was determined by the stem injury coefficient. Morphological stem traits and stem contents of glucosinolates were assessed as potential mediators of resistance. The resynthesized line S30 had significantly fewer larvae than the cultivars Express617 and Visby and the resynthesized lines L122 and L16. The low level of larval infestation in S30 was associated with a low larval instar and stem injury index. Low numbers of larvae were not correlated with the length or diameter of stems, and the level of stem glucosinolates. As indicated by the low larval infestation and slow larval development the resistance of S30 to C. napi is based on both antixenotic and antibiotic properties of the genotypes. The resynthesized line S30 should therefore be introduced into B. napus breeding programs to enhance resistance against C. napi.
油菜茎象甲(Ceutorhynchus napi Gyll.)是欧洲冬油菜(Brassica napus L.)作物的一种严重害虫,会导致严重的产量损失。在目前使用的油菜品种中,尚未发现对油菜茎象甲具有抗性的品种。人工合成的甘蓝型油菜品系有潜力拓宽遗传变异性,并可能提高对害虫的抗性。在本研究中,在半田间小区试验的多选择条件下,比较了三个油菜品种、一个育种系和五个合成油菜品系对油菜茎象甲的敏感性。通过统计茎内油菜茎象甲幼虫的数量来估计植株对产卵的接受程度。将幼虫龄期指数和幼虫干重作为幼虫生长性能的指标进行评估。通过茎损伤系数来确定茎内幼虫取食的程度。对茎的形态特征和硫代葡萄糖苷含量进行评估,作为潜在的抗性介导因素。合成品系S30的幼虫数量明显少于品种Express617和维斯比以及合成品系L122和L16。S30幼虫侵染水平较低与低幼虫龄期和茎损伤指数有关。幼虫数量少与茎的长度或直径以及茎硫代葡萄糖苷水平无关。如低幼虫侵染率和缓慢的幼虫发育所示,S30对油菜茎象甲的抗性基于基因型的驱避性和抗生性特性。因此,应将合成品系S30引入甘蓝型油菜育种计划,以增强对油菜茎象甲的抗性。