Felin Teppo, Lakhani Karim R, Tushman Michael L
University of Oxford, UK.
Harvard University, USA.
Strateg Organ. 2017 May;15(2):119-140. doi: 10.1177/1476127017706610. Epub 2017 May 9.
The purpose of this article is to suggest a (preliminary) taxonomy and research agenda for the topic of "firms, crowds, and innovation" and to provide an introduction to the associated special issue. We specifically discuss how various crowd-related phenomena and practices-for example, crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, user innovation, and peer production-relate to theories of the firm, with particular attention on "sociality" in firms and markets. We first briefly review extant theories of the firm and then discuss three theoretical aspects of sociality related to crowds in the context of strategy, organizations, and innovation: (1) (sociality as extension of rationality, sociality as sensing and signaling, sociality as matching and identity), (2) (independent/aggregate and interacting/emergent forms of sociality), and (3) (misattribution and misapplication). We conclude with an outline of future research directions and introduce the special issue papers and essays.
本文旨在为“企业、群体与创新”这一主题提出一种（初步的）分类法和研究议程，并介绍与之相关的特刊。我们具体讨论各种与群体相关的现象和实践——例如，众包、众筹、用户创新和对等生产——如何与企业理论相关联，尤其关注企业和市场中的“社会性”。我们首先简要回顾现有的企业理论，然后在战略、组织和创新的背景下讨论与群体相关的社会性的三个理论方面：（1）（社会性作为理性的延伸、社会性作为感知和信号传递、社会性作为匹配和身份认同），（2）（社会性的独立/聚合形式和互动/涌现形式），以及（3）（错误归因和错误应用）。我们最后概述了未来的研究方向，并介绍了特刊的论文和文章。
