Miles-Chan Jennifer L, Dulloo Abdul G
Department of Medicine Physiology, University of FribourgFribourg, Switzerland.
Front Physiol. 2017 Jun 22;8:420. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00420. eCollection 2017.
There is increasing recognition that low-intensity physical activities of daily life play an important role in achieving energy balance and that their societal erosion through substitution with sedentary (mostly sitting) behaviors, whether occupational or for leisure, impact importantly on the obesity epidemic. This has generated considerable interest for better monitoring, characterizing, and promoting countermeasures to sedentariness through a plethora of low-level physical activities (e.g., active workstations, standing desks, sitting breaks), amid the contention that altering posture allocation (lying, sitting, standing) can modify energy expenditure to impact upon body weight regulation and health. In addressing this contention, this paper first revisits the past and more recent literature on postural energetics, with particular emphasis on potential determinants of the large inter-individual variability in the energy cost of standing and the impact of posture on fat oxidation. It subsequently analyses the available data pertaining to various strategies by which posture allocations, coupled with light physical activity, may increase energy expenditure beyond the sedentary threshold, and their relevance as potential targets for obesity management.
人们越来越认识到，日常生活中的低强度体育活动在实现能量平衡方面发挥着重要作用，并且无论是职业性的还是休闲性的，用久坐（主要是坐着）行为取代这些活动导致其在社会层面的减少，对肥胖流行产生了重大影响。这引发了人们对通过大量低强度体育活动（如主动式工作站、站立式办公桌、坐姿休息）更好地监测、描述和推广针对久坐行为的对策的浓厚兴趣，同时也引发了关于改变姿势分配（躺、坐、站）是否能改变能量消耗以影响体重调节和健康的争论。在探讨这一争论时，本文首先回顾过去和近期关于姿势能量学的文献，特别强调站立能量消耗个体间巨大差异的潜在决定因素以及姿势对脂肪氧化的影响。随后，本文分析了与各种策略相关的现有数据，通过这些策略，姿势分配与轻度体育活动相结合，可能会使能量消耗增加到超过久坐阈值，以及它们作为肥胖管理潜在目标的相关性。
