Gibbs M E, De Vaus J, Ng K T
Behav Brain Res. 1986 Jan;19(1):1-6. doi: 10.1016/0166-4328(86)90041-0.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)1-24, ACTH4-10, corticosterone (CS) or arginine vasopressin (AVP) was administered subcutaneously to one day-old chicks immediately after learning a single trial passive avoidance task. Chicks were pretreated with 2 mM KC1 or 4 mM monosodium glutamate 5 min before learning. With KC1 or monosodium glutamate alone, no evidence of memory was observed on retention tests carried out as early as 5 min and as late as 24 h postlearning. However, the addition of ACTH1-24, ACTH4-10 or AVP to KC1-pretreated animals yielded normal retention levels up till 10 min, 10 min and 20 min after learning, respectively. Similar results were obtained with ACTH1-24 and AVP given to glutamate-pretreated birds. CS had no effect on KC1- or glutamate-induced amnesia. The calcium channel blocker, lanthanum chloride, also inhibited the formation of short-term memory, with amnesia still present as late as 24 h following learning. ACTH1-24, but not CS or AVP, yielded normal retention levels until 10 min postlearning in the presence of lanthanum chloride. Thus ACTH1-24 and AVP can overcome KC1 or glutamate inhibition of STM formation but will not prevent subsequent amnesia. The mechanisms underlying this action of ACTH1-24 and AVP are different. The possibility that the effect of ACTH1-24 is related to the role of calcium in STM formation is explored.
在一日龄雏鸡单次尝试被动回避任务学习后，立即皮下注射促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）1 - 24、ACTH4 - 10、皮质酮（CS）或精氨酸加压素（AVP）。在学习前5分钟，雏鸡用2 mM氯化钾或4 mM谷氨酸钠进行预处理。单独使用氯化钾或谷氨酸钠时，在学习后最早5分钟和最晚24小时进行的记忆保持测试中均未观察到记忆迹象。然而，在氯化钾预处理的动物中添加ACTH1 - 24、ACTH4 - 10或AVP后，分别在学习后10分钟、10分钟和20分钟内产生了正常的记忆保持水平。给予谷氨酸预处理的雏鸡ACTH1 - 24和AVP也得到了类似结果。CS对氯化钾或谷氨酸诱导的失忆没有影响。钙通道阻滞剂氯化镧也抑制短期记忆的形成，学习后24小时仍存在失忆现象。在存在氯化镧的情况下，ACTH1 - 24直到学习后10分钟都能产生正常的记忆保持水平，而CS或AVP则不能。因此，ACTH1 - 24和AVP可以克服氯化钾或谷氨酸对短期记忆形成的抑制，但不能防止随后的失忆。ACTH1 - 24和AVP这种作用的潜在机制是不同的。本文探讨了ACTH1 - 24的作用与钙在短期记忆形成中的作用相关的可能性。
