Department of Public Health Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA.
Department of Health Sciences, Stetson University, DeLand, Florida, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2017 Aug;30(4):416-424. doi: 10.1002/jts.22203. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
This study examined levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and relationships between PTSS and alcohol-related outcomes in a near census of municipal firefighters. The study also assessed substance-use coping and drinking to cope as potential mediators of such outcomes. Firefighters (N = 740) completed measures that assessed PTSS, alcohol risk behaviors, alcohol problems, drinking motives, and coping with stress. Results showed that 32.4% of firefighters reported significant levels of PTSS using National Center for PTSD (2014) screening cutoff scores. Correlational analysis showed that PTSS was related to at-risk drinking (r = .18) and alcohol-related problems (r = .33), as well as use of maladaptive coping strategies (r = .58) and substance use coping (r = .40). Structural analyses comparing multiple alternative models suggested that a model that included substance use coping and drinking to cope as mediators of the association between PTSS and problem drinking provided the best fit to the data. Tests of multigroup invariance confirmed this model. Overall, PTSS were common in this population and they predicted maladaptive coping patterns and alcohol-related consequences. One implication of these findings is that fire departments might consider adding or enhancing screening and treatment options for PTS, alcohol misuse, or both.
本研究在对市政消防员进行近乎普查的基础上，考察了创伤后应激症状 (PTSS) 的水平，以及 PTSS 与酒精相关后果之间的关系。该研究还评估了物质使用应对和借酒消愁作为这些结果的潜在中介因素。消防员（N = 740）完成了评估 PTSS、酒精风险行为、酒精问题、饮酒动机和应对压力的措施。结果显示，使用国家创伤后应激障碍中心 (2014) 的筛选截止分数，有 32.4%的消防员报告存在显著水平的 PTSS。相关分析表明，PTSS 与危险饮酒（r =.18）和酒精相关问题（r =.33），以及不良应对策略的使用（r =.58）和物质使用应对（r =.40）有关。比较多种替代模型的结构分析表明，包括物质使用应对和借酒消愁作为 PTSS 与问题饮酒之间关联的中介因素的模型，最符合数据。多组不变性检验证实了这一模型。总体而言，PTSS 在该人群中很常见，它们预测了不良的应对模式和酒精相关的后果。这些发现的一个含义是，消防部门可能会考虑增加或加强对 PTS、酒精滥用或两者的筛查和治疗选择。
