Graveling Alex J, Frier Brian M
JJR Macleod Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZP UK.
The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ UK.
Clin Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015 Aug 10;1:8. doi: 10.1186/s40842-015-0007-3. eCollection 2015.
Driving is a complex process that places considerable demands on cognitive and physical functions. Many complications of diabetes can potentially impair driving performance, including those affecting vision, cognition and peripheral neural function. Hypoglycemia is a common side-effect of insulin and sulfonylurea therapy, impairing many cognitive domains necessary for safe driving performance. Driving simulator studies have demonstrated how driving performance deteriorates during hypoglycemia. Driving behavior that may predispose to hypoglycemia while driving is examined. Studies examining the risk of road traffic accidents in people with insulin-treated diabetes have produced conflicting results, but the potential risk of hypoglycemia-related road traffic accidents has led to many countries imposing restrictions on the type and duration of driving licenses that can be issued to drivers with diabetes. Guidance that promotes safe driving practice has been provided for drivers with insulin-treated diabetes, which is the group principally addressed in this review.
驾驶是一个复杂的过程，对认知和身体功能有相当高的要求。糖尿病的许多并发症都可能损害驾驶能力，包括那些影响视力、认知和周围神经功能的并发症。低血糖是胰岛素和磺脲类药物治疗的常见副作用，会损害安全驾驶所需的许多认知领域。驾驶模拟器研究已经证明了低血糖期间驾驶能力是如何下降的。本文还探讨了驾驶过程中可能导致低血糖的驾驶行为。研究胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者发生道路交通事故的风险，结果相互矛盾，但低血糖相关道路交通事故的潜在风险导致许多国家对可发给糖尿病患者的驾驶执照类型和期限加以限制。本文主要针对胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者群体，为他们提供了促进安全驾驶的指导建议。
