Integrative Ecology Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Science. 2017 Jul 14;357(6347):199-201. doi: 10.1126/science.aal4122.
Networks with a modular structure are expected to have a lower risk of global failure. However, this theoretical result has remained untested until now. We used an experimental microarthropod metapopulation to test the effect of modularity on the response to perturbation. We perturbed one local population and measured the spread of the impact of this perturbation, both within and between modules. Our results show the buffering capacity of modular networks. To assess the generality of our findings, we then analyzed a dynamical model of our system. We show that in the absence of perturbations, modularity is negatively correlated with metapopulation size. However, even when a small local perturbation occurs, this negative effect is offset by a buffering effect that protects the majority of the nodes from the perturbation.
具有模块化结构的网络预计全局故障风险较低。然而，直到现在，这一理论结果仍未得到验证。我们使用一个实验性的微型节肢动物复合种群来测试模块性对扰动响应的影响。我们扰动了一个局部种群，并测量了这种扰动的影响在模块内和模块间的传播。我们的结果显示了模块化网络的缓冲能力。为了评估我们发现的普遍性，我们随后分析了我们系统的动力学模型。我们表明，在没有扰动的情况下，模块性与复合种群大小呈负相关。然而，即使发生了一个小的局部扰动，这种负面影响也被一个缓冲效应所抵消，该缓冲效应保护了大多数节点免受扰动的影响。
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