McDonell Michael G, Skalisky Jordan, Leickly Emily, Orr Michael F, McPherson Sterling, Roll John, Hill-Kapturczak Nathalie, Javors Martin
Initiative for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University.
Program for Excellence in Addiction Research, Washington State University.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2017 Aug;31(5):608-613. doi: 10.1037/adb0000293. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) can be detected in blood from 14 to as many as 28 days after alcohol consumption, depending on the amount and frequency of alcohol consumed. PEth may have utility for verifying abstinence in a contingency management (CM) intervention for alcohol use, particularly in settings where frequent verification of abstinence is impossible or impractical. Five nontreatment-seeking heavy drinkers (40% men) participated in an 11-week, ABA-phased within-subject experiment for which they submitted blood spots for PEth measurement, urine samples for ethyl glucuronide (EtG) testing, and self-report drinking data weekly. Participants received reinforcers for submitting samples throughout the A phases. During the B phase (CM phase), they received additional reinforcers when their PEth level was reduced from the previous week and was verified by a negative EtG (<150 ng/ml) urine test and self-report. PEth, EtG, and self-report outcomes were compared between A phases (Weeks 1-3, 8-11) and B phases (Weeks 4-7). During the A phases, 23% of PEth results indicated alcohol abstinence, whereas 53% of PEth samples submitted during the CM (B phase) indicated alcohol abstinence. Participants were more likely to submit EtG-negative urine samples and report lower levels of drinking and heavy drinking during the B phase, relative to the A phases. We also explored the ability of PEth to detect self-reported drinking. The combined PEth homologs (16:0/18:1 and 16:0/18:2) predicted self-reported drinking with area under the curve from 0.81 (1 week) to 0.80 (3 weeks). Results support the initial feasibility of a Peth-based CM intervention. (PsycINFO Database Record
磷脂酰乙醇（PEth）可在饮酒后14天至多达28天的血液中检测到，具体取决于饮酒量和饮酒频率。PEth在酒精使用的应急管理（CM）干预中可能有助于验证戒酒情况，特别是在无法或不切实际频繁验证戒酒的环境中。五名非寻求治疗的重度饮酒者（40%为男性）参与了一项为期11周的ABA阶段的受试者内实验，在此期间他们每周提交血斑进行PEth测量、尿液样本进行葡萄糖醛酸乙酯（EtG）检测以及自我报告饮酒数据。在整个A阶段，参与者因提交样本而获得强化物。在B阶段（CM阶段），当他们的PEth水平较前一周降低且经EtG阴性（<150 ng/ml）尿液检测和自我报告验证时，他们会获得额外的强化物。比较了A阶段（第1 - 3周、第8 - 11周）和B阶段（第4 - 7周）的PEth、EtG和自我报告结果。在A阶段，23%的PEth结果表明戒酒，而在CM（B阶段）期间提交的PEth样本中有53%表明戒酒。相对于A阶段，参与者在B阶段更有可能提交EtG阴性的尿液样本，并报告较低水平的饮酒和重度饮酒情况。我们还探讨了PEth检测自我报告饮酒的能力。联合的PEth同系物（16:0/18:1和16:0/18:2）预测自我报告饮酒的曲线下面积从0.81（1周）到0.80（3周）。结果支持了基于PEth的CM干预的初步可行性。（PsycINFO数据库记录
