1Department of Psychology,University of Victoria,Victoria,British Columbia,Canada.
3Department of Psychology,Brock University,St. Catharines,Ontario,Canada.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2018 Jan;24(1):57-66. doi: 10.1017/S1355617717000613. Epub 2017 Jul 19.
We sought to clarify the nature of self-reported cognitive function among healthy older adults by considering the short-term, within-person association (coupling) of subjective cognitive function with objective cognitive performance. We expected this within-person coupling to differ between persons as a function of self-perceived global cognitive decline and depression, anxiety, or neuroticism.
This was an intensive measurement (short-term longitudinal) study of 29 older adult volunteers between the ages of 65 and 80 years without an existing diagnosis of dementia or mild cognitive impairment. Baseline assessment included neuropsychological testing and self-reported depression, anxiety, and neuroticism, as well as self- and informant-reported cognitive decline (relative to 10 years previously). Intensive within-person measurement occasions included subjective ratings of cognitive function paired with performance on a computerized working memory (n-back) task; each participant attended four or five assessments separated by intervals of at least one day. Statistical analysis was comprised of multilevel linear regression.
Comparison of models suggested that both neuroticism and self-rated cognitive decline explained unique variance in the within-person, across-occasion coupling of subjective cognitive function with objective working memory performance.
Self-ratings of cognition may accurately reflect day-to-day variations in objective cognitive performance among older adults, especially for individuals lower in neuroticism and higher in self-reported cognitive decline. Clinicians should consider these individual differences when determining the validity of complaints about perceived cognitive declines in the context of otherwise healthy aging. (JINS, 2018, 24, 57-66).
通过考虑主观认知功能与客观认知表现的短期个体内关联（耦合），我们试图阐明健康老年人自我报告的认知功能的本质。我们期望这种个体内耦合会因自我感知的整体认知下降以及抑郁、焦虑或神经质而因人而异。
这是一项对 29 名年龄在 65 至 80 岁之间、没有痴呆或轻度认知障碍现有诊断的老年人志愿者进行的密集测量（短期纵向）研究。基线评估包括神经心理学测试以及自我报告的抑郁、焦虑和神经质，以及自我报告和知情人报告的认知下降（相对于 10 年前）。密集的个体内测量时机包括主观认知功能评估与计算机工作记忆（n-back）任务表现配对；每个参与者参加四到五次评估，间隔至少一天。统计分析包括多层次线性回归。
模型比较表明，神经质和自我评估的认知下降都解释了主观认知功能与客观工作记忆表现的个体内、跨场合耦合中的独特差异。
自我评估的认知功能可能准确反映老年人客观认知表现的日常变化，尤其是对于神经质程度较低、自我报告认知下降程度较高的个体。在评估健康老年人中感知认知下降的投诉的有效性时，临床医生应考虑这些个体差异。
