Management of the Incidental Adrenal Mass.

CONTEXT

Incidentally discovered adrenal masses are becoming more common in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE

To review the management of the incidental adrenal mass, including initial evaluation, surveillance, medical therapy, and surgical therapy.

EVIDENCE ACQUISITION

A literature search of English-language publications that included the keywords adrenal incidentaloma and incidental adrenal mass was performed through July 2015 using PubMed. Relevant original articles and guidelines on the management of the incidental adrenal mass were ultimately selected for analysis, with the consensus of all authors.

EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS

Data from the manuscripts included in this review were synthesized, and findings were categorized into metabolic evaluation, imaging, biopsy, surgical considerations, and follow-up recommendations.

CONCLUSIONS

Ideally, management of patients with adrenal incidentalomas should involve a multidisciplinary approach with experienced surgeons, radiologists, and endocrinologists to determine whether such lesions are benign or malignant and functional or nonfunctional and/or whether they require surgical resection.

PATIENT SUMMARY

Management of patients with adrenal incidentalomas should involve a multidisciplinary approach with surgeons, radiologists, and endocrinologists to determine whether such lesions are benign or malignant and functional or nonfunctional and/or whether they require surgical resection.