Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, NE MS D-21, 30333, Atlanta, Georgia.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2018 Jun;5(3):598-604. doi: 10.1007/s40615-017-0405-6. Epub 2017 Jul 19.
HIV diagnoses among females in the USA declined 40% during 2005-2014 with the largest decline (42%) among Black/African Americans. African American females remain disproportionately affected. We explored contributions of STD rates and sexual risk behaviors among African American females, HIV diagnoses among potential male partners, and sexual risk behaviors and viral suppression rates among HIV-positive potential male partners to declining rates of HIV diagnoses among African American females. Results suggest temporal trends in the factors that increase HIV infectiousness and transmissibility within sexual networks, i.e., decreases in rates of other sexually transmitted infections among African American females, decreases in HIV diagnoses among potential male partners, and increases in viral suppression among heterosexual and bisexual HIV-positive potential male partners in care, may explain the decline. Findings highlight a need for future research that provides context to the sexual risk behaviors and sexual network factors in order to continue progress.
2005 年至 2014 年间，美国女性的 HIV 诊断病例减少了 40%，其中非裔美国人的降幅最大（42%）。非洲裔美国女性仍然受到不成比例的影响。我们探讨了性传播疾病发病率和性行为风险因素在非裔美国女性中的作用，以及潜在男性伴侣中的 HIV 诊断情况，以及 HIV 阳性潜在男性伴侣中的性行为风险和病毒抑制率，以了解非裔美国女性中 HIV 诊断率下降的原因。研究结果表明，性传播网络中增加 HIV 传染性和传播性的因素呈时间趋势，即非裔美国女性中其他性传播感染率下降，潜在男性伴侣中的 HIV 诊断率下降，以及异性恋和双性恋 HIV 阳性潜在男性伴侣中病毒抑制率增加，这可能解释了下降的原因。研究结果强调了未来研究的必要性，需要提供性行为风险和性网络因素的背景知识，以继续取得进展。
