Rumore Martha M, Schlichting David A
Vicks Research Center, Richardson-Vicks Inc., Shelton, CT 06484 U.S.A.
Pain. 1986 Apr;25(1):7-22. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(86)90004-7.
This paper reviews the clinical information on antihistaminic agents as analgesics and as analgesic adjuvants. The evidence indicates a direct analgesic effect of various antihistaminics. In clinical studies, diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, orphenadrine and pyrilamine have been shown to produce analgesia as simple entities but chlorpheniramine has not and results with phenyltoloxamine have been equivocal when tested alone. Analgesic adjuvant effects of several antihistaminics have been reported. Clinically, orphenadrine and phenyltoloxamine have shown adjuvant effects with acetaminophen and aspirin. The mechanism of action remains speculative. The most recent trends in the classification of histamine receptors and how these receptors may interact with pain modulation are also considered.
本文综述了抗组胺药作为镇痛药和镇痛佐剂的临床信息。证据表明各种抗组胺药具有直接镇痛作用。在临床研究中，苯海拉明、羟嗪、奥芬那君和吡苄明已被证明作为单一药物可产生镇痛作用，但氯苯那敏未显示出这种作用，单独测试时苯甲苯胺的结果也不明确。已有报道称几种抗组胺药具有镇痛佐剂作用。在临床上，奥芬那君和苯甲苯胺已显示出与对乙酰氨基酚和阿司匹林有佐剂作用。作用机制仍属推测。本文还考虑了组胺受体分类的最新趋势以及这些受体可能如何与疼痛调节相互作用。
