Colditz G A, Tuden R L, Oster G
Lancet. 1986 Jul 19;2(8499):143-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)91955-0.
Despite evidence that prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) is effective, a large proportion of general surgical patients receive no prophylaxis. To determine the extent to which various prophylactic methods reduce the incidence of postoperative DVT, data from randomised controlled trials of these methods were combined by means of meta-analysis. The rates of DVT diagnosed by the fibrinogen uptake test were: control/no therapy 27.0% (95% confidence limits 21.9%, 32.1%); heparin 9.6% (7.2%, 11.9%); gradient compression stockings 11.1% (5.3%, 16.8%); intermittent pneumatic compression 17.6% (6.1%, 29.1%); heparin plus stockings 6.3% (0%, 17.6%); heparin plus dihydroergotamine 9.9% (6.2%, 13.6%); and stockings plus intermittent pneumatic compression 4.5% (1.1%, 8.0%). These results confirm the value of prophylaxis to reduce the incidence of DVT and suggest that combined treatments may be most effective.
尽管有证据表明预防深静脉血栓形成（DVT）是有效的，但很大一部分普通外科患者并未接受预防措施。为了确定各种预防方法在多大程度上降低术后DVT的发生率，通过荟萃分析对这些方法的随机对照试验数据进行了合并。通过纤维蛋白原摄取试验诊断的DVT发生率为：对照组/未治疗组27.0%（95%置信区间21.9%，32.1%）；肝素组9.6%（7.2%，11.9%）；梯度压力袜组11.1%（5.3%，16.8%）；间歇性气动压迫组17.6%（6.1%，29.1%）；肝素加压力袜组6.3%（0%，17.6%）；肝素加双氢麦角胺组9.9%（6.2%，13.6%）；压力袜加间歇性气动压迫组4.5%（1.1%，8.0%）。这些结果证实了预防措施对降低DVT发生率的价值，并表明联合治疗可能最为有效。
