Hazzard Vivienne M, Hahn Samantha L, Sonneville Kendrin R
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Eat Behav. 2017 Aug;26:189-195. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2017.07.001. Epub 2017 Jul 13.
To examine prevalence of weight misperception (incongruence between one's perceived weight status and one's actual weight status) and disordered weight control behaviors (DWCBs; unhealthy behaviors aiming to control or modify weight), associations between weight misperception and DWCBs, and temporal trends in prevalence and associations among adolescents with overweight and obesity from 1999 to 2013.
Self-reported data from eight biennial cycles (1999-2013) of the cross-sectional national Youth Risk Behavior Survey were used in analyses restricted to respondents with overweight/obesity. Data on weight status perception, use of fasting, purging, and diet pills to control weight, sex, race/ethnicity, and grade in school were used in multivariate logistic regression models.
Among U.S. high school students with overweight and obesity, no linear temporal trends were detected for prevalence of weight misperception, fasting, or purging between 1999 and 2013, while a significant linear decrease was observed for prevalence of diet pill use between 1999 and 2013 (b=-0.81, p<0.01). Using data pooled across 1999-2013, weight misperception predicted lower use of all DWCBs examined in this study among females and lower use of fasting to control weight among males. No significant changes over time in associations of weight misperception with fasting or purging were observed, though the association between weight misperception and diet pill use weakened somewhat across 1999-2013.
In the context of increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity, weight misperception appears to be a robust protective factor for DWCBs.
研究体重认知偏差（即个体对自身体重状况的认知与实际体重状况不一致）和体重控制紊乱行为（DWCBs；旨在控制或改变体重的不健康行为）的患病率、体重认知偏差与DWCBs之间的关联，以及1999年至2013年超重和肥胖青少年中患病率及关联的时间趋势。
对全国青少年风险行为调查的八个两年周期（1999 - 2013年）的自我报告数据进行分析，分析对象仅限于超重/肥胖的受访者。体重状况认知、使用禁食、催吐和减肥药来控制体重、性别、种族/族裔以及年级的数据被用于多因素逻辑回归模型。
在美国超重和肥胖的高中生中，1999年至2013年间未发现体重认知偏差、禁食或催吐患病率的线性时间趋势，而1999年至2013年间减肥药使用患病率则呈现显著的线性下降（b = -0.81，p < 0.01）。利用1999 - 2013年汇总的数据，体重认知偏差预示着本研究中所考察的所有DWCBs在女性中的使用频率较低，在男性中禁食控制体重的使用频率较低。体重认知偏差与禁食或催吐之间的关联未随时间发生显著变化，尽管体重认知偏差与减肥药使用之间的关联在1999 - 2013年间有所减弱。
在超重和肥胖患病率不断上升的背景下，体重认知偏差似乎是DWCBs的一个有力保护因素。
