Khan Amira M, Morris Shaun K, Bhutta Zulfiqar A
Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 11th Floor, Suite 11.9805, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017 Aug;64(4):785-798. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.03.008.
Lack of success in achieving considerable reductions in neonatal mortality is a contributory factor in failing to achieve Millennium Development Goal 4.2.6 million neonates still die each year, with preterm birth and infections the two leading causes. Maternal infections and environmental and infant factors influence acquisition of viral and bacterial infections in the perinatal and neonatal period. Scaling up evidence-based interventions addressing maternal risk factors and underlying causes could reduce neonatal infections by 84%. The emergence of new infections and increasing antimicrobial resistance present public health challenges that must be addressed to achieve substantial reductions in neonatal mortality.
未能大幅降低新生儿死亡率是未能实现千年发展目标4的一个促成因素。每年仍有260万新生儿死亡，早产和感染是两大主要原因。孕产妇感染以及环境和婴儿因素会影响围产期和新生儿期病毒和细菌感染的发生。扩大针对孕产妇风险因素和根本原因的循证干预措施可将新生儿感染减少84%。新感染的出现和日益增加的抗菌药物耐药性带来了公共卫生挑战，必须加以应对才能大幅降低新生儿死亡率。
