Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Institute of Social Sciences & NCCR LIVES, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
J Adolesc Health. 2017 Nov;61(5):544-554. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.05.009. Epub 2017 Jul 19.
Sexting among youths has become a necessary topic of interest in research because of the negative consequences that this activity could create, especially when content is shared with others. Indeed, this loss of control could lead to humiliation, (cyber)bullying, or harassment. The development of new technologies, press coverage, and increase of prevalence rates could also explain the growth of interest in sexting. However, its definition is still a gray area. This review examines the different definitions of sexting used in the literature and its correlates. Several elements of the definition of sexting were assessed: actions (sending, receiving, and forwarding); media types (text, images, and videos); sexual characteristics; and transmission modes. Nine databases were searched for studies on sexting among youths up to 18 years of age. Eighteen studies published between 2012 and 2015 were included. Prevalence rates of sexting ranged between .9% and 60% partly depending on the definition. Most studies assessed sending, but when sending and receiving were measured, prevalence rates were higher for receiving. Some articles found associations with age, gender, race, sexual behavior, romantic relationships, risky behaviors, online activity, psychological difficulties, and social pressure. Finding a consensus regarding the definition is essential to assess accurately the activity and adapt prevention. Adolescents' interpretations of the activity are important as sexting could be used as a sexual behavior between two consenting persons. Prevention strategies should focus on sexting that goes wrong when it is forwarded to a third party and when it occurs in a context of pressure or harassment.
青少年群体中的发色情短信行为已经成为研究中一个必不可少的关注话题,因为这种行为可能会产生负面影响,尤其是当内容被分享给其他人时。事实上,这种失控可能会导致羞辱、(网络)欺凌或骚扰。新技术的发展、媒体报道的增加和流行率的上升也可能解释了对发色情短信行为的兴趣增长。然而,其定义仍然存在灰色地带。本综述考察了文献中使用的发色情短信行为的不同定义及其相关性。对发色情短信行为的定义的几个要素进行了评估:行为(发送、接收和转发);媒体类型(文本、图像和视频);性特征;和传输模式。在九个数据库中搜索了青少年群体的发色情短信行为研究,截至 18 岁。纳入了 2012 年至 2015 年期间发表的 18 项研究。发色情短信行为的流行率在 0.9%至 60%之间,部分取决于定义。大多数研究评估了发送行为,但当发送和接收都被测量时,接收的流行率更高。一些文章发现了与年龄、性别、种族、性行为、浪漫关系、风险行为、在线活动、心理困难和社会压力的关联。达成关于定义的共识对于准确评估活动和调整预防措施至关重要。青少年对该活动的解释很重要,因为发色情短信行为可能被用作两个同意的人之间的性行为。预防策略应侧重于当转发给第三方或在压力或骚扰的情况下发生的错误的发色情短信行为。