Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, 76230, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico.
Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2017 Dec;42(4):257-267. doi: 10.1007/s10484-017-9370-4.
The sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) is an electroencephalographic rhythm associated with motor and cognitive development observed in the central brain regions during wakefulness in the absence of movement, and it reacts contralaterally to generalized and hemibody movements. The purpose of this work was to characterize the SMR of 4-month-old infants, born either healthy at term or prematurely with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). Two groups of infants were formed: healthy and premature with PVL. Their electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded in four conditions: rest, free movement, right-hand grasping and left-hand grasping, in order to explore general reactivity to free movement and contralateral reactivity in hand-grasping conditions. Associations between SMR, and cognitive and motor performance were analyzed. The healthy infants showed a SMR between 5.47 and 7.03 Hz, with clear contralateral reactivity to free movement and right-hand grasping. However, the premature infants with PVL did not show enough electroencephalographic characteristics to evidence the presence of SMR. Poor performance, characteristic of children with PVL, was related to low-frequency SMR, while good performance was associated with a higher frequency rhythm in the left hemisphere. The presence of SMR in the group of healthy infants could be considered a sign of health at this age. Thus, poor SMR evidence in the EEG of infants with PVL is probably a sign of brain immaturity or brain dysfunction. Our results provide data on infant SMR development that is needed to design neurofeedback protocols for infants with PVL.
感觉运动节律（SMR）是一种与运动和认知发展相关的脑电图节律，在清醒状态下、无运动时在中枢脑区观察到，它对全身运动和半身运动呈对侧反应。本工作的目的是描述足月出生和伴有脑室周围白质软化（PVL）的早产儿的 4 月龄婴儿的 SMR。形成了两组婴儿：健康和伴有 PVL 的早产儿。对他们的脑电图（EEG）在四种条件下进行了记录：休息、自由运动、右手抓握和左手抓握，以探索对自由运动的一般反应性和抓握条件下的对侧反应性。分析了 SMR 与认知和运动表现之间的关联。健康婴儿的 SMR 介于 5.47 和 7.03 Hz 之间，对自由运动和右手抓握有明显的对侧反应性。然而，伴有 PVL 的早产儿没有表现出足够的脑电图特征来证明 SMR 的存在。PVL 儿童的特征性较差表现与低频 SMR 相关，而良好表现与左半球更高频率的节律相关。健康婴儿组中 SMR 的存在可以被认为是该年龄段健康的标志。因此，伴有 PVL 的婴儿脑电图中 SMR 证据不足可能是大脑不成熟或大脑功能障碍的标志。我们的结果提供了有关婴儿 SMR 发育的数据，这是为伴有 PVL 的婴儿设计神经反馈协议所必需的。
