Frykman G K, Leung V C
Orthopedics. 1986 Jun;9(6):841-8. doi: 10.3928/0147-7447-19860601-10.
Large wounds of the lower extremity, particularly distal to the knee, have been difficult to cover by traditional means such as skin grafts, local flaps, cross-leg flaps and jump flaps. These wounds, particularly when associated with fractures and osteomyelitis, have frequently resulted in amputation of the lower extremity. Microvascular surgical techniques have allowed the transfer of large flaps of skin and/or muscle from a remote site of the body to the defect in the leg for soft tissue coverage and additional blood supply to the defect. Although these techniques are more tedious and require longer operating times, they usually shorten the patient's hospital stay, heal the wounds faster and shorten disability time. With wider experience, improved techniques and greater microsurgical skill, lower limbs with large defects due to trauma or tumor resection can be salvaged and reconstructed with acceptable risks and minimal donor site morbidity.
下肢的大面积伤口，尤其是膝盖以下部位，很难通过传统方法如皮肤移植、局部皮瓣、交腿皮瓣和跳跃皮瓣来覆盖。这些伤口，特别是与骨折和骨髓炎相关时，常常导致下肢截肢。微血管外科技术使得能够将身体远处部位的大面积皮肤和/或肌肉皮瓣转移至腿部缺损处，用于软组织覆盖并为缺损部位提供额外血供。尽管这些技术更为繁琐且需要更长的手术时间，但它们通常能缩短患者的住院时间，更快地愈合伤口并缩短残疾时间。随着经验的积累、技术的改进和显微外科技能的提高，因创伤或肿瘤切除导致的有大面积缺损的下肢能够得以挽救和重建，风险可接受且供区并发症最少。
