Borg E
Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1979;360:80-5. doi: 10.3109/00016487809123480.
A review of some short-term and long-term physiological effects of sound on non-auditory body functions is given. It is pointed out that the short-term effects depend closely on the acoustic properties of the sound. Habituation is rapid for steady signals but slow for interrupted ones. Irrelevant, meaningless sound, presented to rats over their life-time in such a way as to simulate an industrial acoustic environment, did not affect blood pressure, life-span or morbidity incidence. As far as the injurious effect of sound on the inner ear is concerned, it was shown that spontaneously hypertensive rats were considerably more susceptible to such impairment than were normotensive ones. Hence sound does not produce hypertension, but susceptibility to ear injury may be greater in hypertensive individuals. The protential role which individual variability in physiological properties of the sound conduction system might play for the observed individual variability in noise-induced hearing loss is also discussed.
本文综述了声音对非听觉身体功能的一些短期和长期生理影响。指出短期影响与声音的声学特性密切相关。对于稳定信号，适应过程很快，但对于间断信号则较慢。在大鼠的整个生命周期内，以模拟工业声学环境的方式呈现无关、无意义的声音，并未影响其血压、寿命或发病率。就声音对内耳的损伤作用而言，研究表明自发性高血压大鼠比正常血压大鼠更容易受到这种损伤。因此，声音不会导致高血压，但高血压个体可能更容易受到耳部损伤。文中还讨论了声音传导系统生理特性的个体差异在噪声性听力损失中所观察到的个体差异中可能发挥的潜在作用。
