Cho Chaeyoon, Han Changwan, Sung Misun, Lee Chaewon, Kim Minji, Ogawa Yoshiko, Kohzuki Masahiro
Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine.
Faculty of Education, University of the Ryukyus.
Tohoku J Exp Med. 2017 Aug;242(4):251-257. doi: 10.1620/tjem.242.251.
The effect of aerobic exercise on physical function and mental health in various adult age groups (young-old, 65-74; old-old, 75-84; oldest-old, ≥ 85 years) is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the Kohzuki Exercise Program (KEP) on physical function and mental health in these age groups. The KEP consisted of 40-min supervised sessions 3 times per week for 6 months as follows: 5 min of warm-up, 30 min of lower limb aerobic exercise, and 5 min of cool-down. A total of 50 participants (22 young-old, 20 old-old, and 8 oldest-old) who participated in the KEP completed at least 88% of the sessions. In statistical analysis, 3 (group: oldest-old, old-old, young-old) × 2 (time: baseline and after 6 months) analyses of variance were used to determine if there were significant main and interaction effects. Significant interactions were probed using the post-hoc paired t test. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score showed significant group × time interactions after 6 months (p = 0.031). In the post-hoc test, oldest-old (p < 0.001), old-old (p < 0.001), and young-old (p < 0.01) groups had significantly better physical function after 6 months. However, none of the mental health measures showed group × time interactions at 6-month. Our results suggest that a 6-month KEP led to improved physical function in oldest-old, old-old, and young-old adults. The KEP was effective for oldest-old adults in particular. The KEP exhibits good adherence, making it suitable for a wide age range in society.
有氧运动对各成年年龄组（年轻老人，65 - 74岁；老年老人，75 - 84岁；高龄老人，≥85岁）身体功能和心理健康的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是调查小月锻炼计划（KEP）对这些年龄组身体功能和心理健康的影响。KEP包括每周3次、每次40分钟的有监督训练课程，持续6个月，具体如下：5分钟热身、30分钟下肢有氧运动和5分钟冷却。共有50名参与者（22名年轻老人、20名老年老人和8名高龄老人）参加了KEP，且至少完成了88%的课程。在统计分析中，采用3（组：高龄老人、老年老人、年轻老人）×2（时间：基线和6个月后）方差分析来确定是否存在显著的主效应和交互效应。使用事后配对t检验探究显著的交互作用。简短身体性能量表（SPPB）评分在6个月后显示出显著的组×时间交互作用（p = 0.031）。在事后检验中，高龄老人组（p < 0.001）、老年老人组（p < 0.001）和年轻老人组（p < 0.01）在6个月后身体功能有显著改善。然而，所有心理健康指标在6个月时均未显示出组×时间交互作用。我们的结果表明，为期6个月的KEP可改善高龄老人、老年老人和年轻老人成年人的身体功能。KEP对高龄老人尤其有效。KEP具有良好的依从性，适用于社会上广泛的年龄范围。
