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精神分裂症患者在探测系列回忆任务中的表现与注意瞬脱持续时间有关吗?

Is performance on probed serial recall tasks in schizophrenia related to duration of Attentional Blink?

作者信息

McAllindon David P, Tibbo Philip G, Eskes Gail A

机构信息

Dalhousie University, Department of Psychiatry, 8 Floor, Abbie J. Lane Building, 5909 Veterans' Memorial Lane, Halifax, NS B3H 2E2, Canada.

Biomedical Translational Imaging Center, IWK Health Center, Suite 3900, 1796 Summer Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3A7, Canada.

出版信息

Schizophr Res Cogn. 2017 Jan 17;7:8-12. doi: 10.1016/j.scog.2016.12.001. eCollection 2017 Mar.

Abstract

Schizophrenia is associated with a deficit in working memory, with the degree of working memory impairment related to the level of social and occupational functioning. This study tests the hypothesis that the working memory deficits in individuals with schizophrenia can be explained by slow processing of visual stimuli, as measured by the attentional blink (AB) task. Individuals with schizophrenia (SC) and controls (HC) were recruited from an early intervention service for psychosis and the local community. Data from 16 SC (11M/5F, mean = 26.4 yo) and 20 age-matched HC (11M/9F, mean = 25.8 yo) were analyzed. Each subject performed an AB task to determine their AB duration, defined as the lag to reach their plateau performance (ltpp). As expected, mean AB duration in the SC group (575 ms) was significantly slower than HC (460 ms;  = 0.007). Recall accuracy of the SC group on a working memory task, a 6-item probed serial recall task (PSR), was reduced compared to the HC group at a standard interstimulus interval (ISI) ( = 0.002). When the individual's AB duration was then used to adjust the ISI on the PSR task to three relative ISI rates (Slow (2 × ltpp), Medium (ltpp) and Fast (1/2 × ltpp)), performance on the PSR task was affected by group, position and ISI and qualified by an ISI ∗ position ( = 0.001) and a trend to a triple interaction ( = 0.054). There was main effect of group at all ISIs, but group ∗ position interaction only at Slow ISI ( = 0.01). Our interpretation of the results is that absolute ISI, rather than ISI relative to AB duration, affected performance.

摘要

精神分裂症与工作记忆缺陷有关,工作记忆损害程度与社会和职业功能水平相关。本研究检验了这样一个假设,即精神分裂症患者的工作记忆缺陷可以通过视觉刺激的缓慢处理来解释,这是通过注意瞬脱(AB)任务来衡量的。精神分裂症患者(SC)和对照组(HC)分别从精神病早期干预服务机构和当地社区招募。分析了16名SC患者(11名男性/5名女性,平均年龄 = 26.4岁)和20名年龄匹配的HC患者(11名男性/9名女性,平均年龄 = 25.8岁)的数据。每个受试者都进行了AB任务以确定其AB持续时间,定义为达到其平稳期表现(ltpp)的延迟时间。正如预期的那样,SC组的平均AB持续时间(575毫秒)明显慢于HC组(460毫秒;P = 0.007)。在标准刺激间隔(ISI)下,SC组在工作记忆任务(一项6项探测系列回忆任务(PSR))上的回忆准确性与HC组相比有所降低(P = 0.002)。当然后使用个体的AB持续时间将PSR任务的ISI调整为三个相对ISI率(慢(2×ltpp)、中(ltpp)和快(1/2×ltpp))时,PSR任务的表现受到组、位置和ISI的影响,并由ISI位置(P = 0.001)和三重交互作用趋势(P = 0.054)所限定。在所有ISI下都存在组的主效应,但组位置交互作用仅在慢ISI时存在(P = 0.01)。我们对结果的解释是,绝对ISI而非相对于AB持续时间的ISI影响了表现。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0e8d/5514299/b11a51d4f8a9/gr1.jpg

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