Zerbato Cristiano, Furlani Carlos Eduardo Angeli, Ormond Antonio Tassio Santana, Gírio Lucas Augusto da Silva, Carneiro Franciele Morlin, da Silva Rouverson Pereira
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Laboratory of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 24;12(7):e0180399. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180399. eCollection 2017.
The successful establishment of agricultural crops depends on sowing quality, machinery performance, soil type and conditions, among other factors. This study evaluates the operational quality of mechanized peanut sowing in three soil types (sand, silt, and clay) with variable moisture contents. The experiment was conducted in three locations in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The track-sampling scheme was used for 80 sampling locations of each soil type. Descriptive statistics and statistical process control (SPC) were used to evaluate the quality indicators of mechanized peanut sowing. The variables had normal distributions and were stable from the viewpoint of SPC. The best performance for peanut sowing density, normal spacing, and the initial seedling growing stand was found for clayey soil followed by sandy soil and then silty soil. Sandy or clayey soils displayed similar results regarding sowing depth, which was deeper than in the silty soil. Overall, the texture and the moisture of clayey soil provided the best operational performance for mechanized peanut sowing.
农作物的成功种植取决于播种质量、机械性能、土壤类型和条件等多种因素。本研究评估了在三种不同土壤类型（砂土、粉砂土和黏土）且含水量各异的情况下机械化花生播种的作业质量。试验在巴西圣保罗州的三个地点进行。对每种土壤类型的80个采样点采用了跟踪采样方案。运用描述性统计和统计过程控制（SPC）来评估机械化花生播种的质量指标。从SPC的角度来看，这些变量呈正态分布且稳定。发现黏土的花生播种密度、正常间距和初始幼苗生长状况表现最佳，其次是砂土，然后是粉砂土。砂土或黏土在播种深度方面显示出相似的结果，均比粉砂土深。总体而言，黏土的质地和湿度为机械化花生播种提供了最佳作业性能。
