Rubin D H, Krasilnikoff P A, Leventhal J M, Weile B, Berget A
Lancet. 1986 Aug 23;2(8504):415-7. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)92132-x.
500 consecutive Danish women who had full-term babies were interviewed on the third or fourth day post partum and asked about smoking in all household members. Exposure to smoking by the mother was found to reduce birth-weight, and indirect or passive exposure to smoking by the father had nearly as large (66%) an effect. On average, birth-weight was reduced by 120 g per pack of cigarettes (or cigar/pipe equivalent) smoked per day by the father. This relation remained statistically significant after controlling for mother's age, parity, alcohol and tobacco consumption during pregnancy, illness during pregnancy, and social class and sex of the baby. The effect of passive smoking was greatest in the lower social classes.
对500名生育足月婴儿的丹麦女性在产后第三天或第四天进行了访谈，询问了所有家庭成员的吸烟情况。结果发现，母亲吸烟会降低婴儿出生体重，父亲间接或被动吸烟的影响几乎同样大（66%）。父亲每天每吸一包香烟（或等量雪茄/烟斗），婴儿出生体重平均降低120克。在控制了母亲的年龄、产次、孕期饮酒和吸烟情况、孕期疾病以及婴儿的社会阶层和性别后，这种关系在统计学上仍然显著。被动吸烟的影响在社会阶层较低的人群中最为明显。
