Institute and Out-Patient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schillerstrasse 25/29, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Chemosphere. 2017 Oct;185:934-941. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.070. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
Dermal Penetration of aromatic amines (AA's), often suspected or known to be carcinogenic, can play an important role in the overall human exposure. However, information on penetration of certain AA's is poor and inconsistent. Penetration of the former lubricant additive N-phenyl-beta-naphthylamine (PBNA) and its contaminant beta-naphthylamine (BNA) a known carcinogen was investigated and the influence of formulation and co-application characterized. Percutaneous penetration of BNA and PBNA through freshly excised human skin (n = 8; 48 h) was investigated using an ex vivo diffusion cell model. Both AA's were applied in a technical-conform lubricant or dissolved in hexane. The amount of BNA and PBNA applied to skin was 0.52 and 259 μg/0.64 cm. The analytical determination of AA's was performed by GC-MS. Both, BNA and PBNA penetrated through human skin (38 vs. 5% of applied dose). In contrast to BNA, the percutaneous penetration of PBNA continued beyond the end of exposure. Co-exposure of both AA's increased the intradermal uptake of BNA and PBNA (p < 0.05). Exposure in lubricant showed the least overall penetration (2.9 and 1.9% of applied dose). The results clearly reveal that dermal penetration of both AA's depends strongly on the mode of application. Co-application and formulation alters the penetration of the AA's.
芳香胺（AA）的经皮渗透作用，通常被怀疑或已知具有致癌性，可能在人体总体暴露中发挥重要作用。然而，有关某些 AA 渗透的信息很差且不一致。本研究调查了先前的润滑剂添加剂 N-苯基-β-萘胺（PBNA）及其污染物β-萘胺（BNA）的渗透情况，这是一种已知的致癌物，并对制剂和共同应用的影响进行了表征。使用离体扩散细胞模型，研究了 BNA 和 PBNA 穿过新鲜人体皮肤（n=8；48 小时）的经皮渗透情况。这两种 AA 均以技术合规的润滑剂形式或溶解在己烷中使用。施加到皮肤上的 BNA 和 PBNA 的量分别为 0.52 和 259μg/0.64cm。AA 的分析测定通过 GC-MS 进行。BNA 和 PBNA 均穿过人体皮肤（38 与 5%的施药剂量）。与 BNA 不同，PBNA 的经皮渗透作用在暴露结束后仍在继续。两种 AA 的共同暴露增加了 BNA 和 PBNA 的真皮内摄取（p<0.05）。在润滑剂中的暴露显示出最低的总体渗透作用（分别为施药剂量的 2.9%和 1.9%）。研究结果清楚地表明，这两种 AA 的经皮渗透作用强烈依赖于施药方式。共同应用和制剂改变了 AA 的渗透作用。
