[Sexual dysfunction: Changing conceptions and criteria of classification].

BACKGROUND

Sexual response is the result of a complex interaction of psychological, physiological, interpersonal, social and cultural factors. Those factors - as well as sexual behavior - are subject to permanent change.

OBJECTIVES

In this study, we investigated how the growth of basic knowledge and constantly changing social-cultural conditions impact the scientific definition of sexual dysfunctions, which controversies exist and to what degree these changes counteract the common tendencies of medicalization and stigmatization of sexual difficulties.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

With reference to the leading international classification systems of mental disorders and on the basis of the current scientific literature, we comment and reflect the changed criteria of sexual dysfunctions in women and men.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

The new revised criteria for sexual dysfunctions are more objective, which provides an enhanced basis for valid diagnoses. The concept of sexual aversion is considered obsolete and no longer being pursued. Nevertheless, there are obvious differences between the revised classification systems, especially regarding the dualistic perspective of sexual problems as either caused by psychological versus organic factors. Further change is predetermined.