Nguyen Minh Son, Jagomägi Triin, Nguyen Toai, Saag Mare, Voog-Oras Ülle
Int J Prosthodont. 2017 September/October;30(5):465–470. doi: 10.11607/ijp.5216. Epub 2017 Jul 27.
The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between missing teeth, occlusal support, and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among elderly Vietnamese.
The study consisted of 145 TMD and 112 non-TMD (control group) participants aged 65 to 74 years. TMD was evaluated using Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) Axis I. An occlusal unit (OU) was defined as the cusp of a tooth coupled with the fossa of its antagonist tooth. A premolar pair was counted as one OU and a molar pair as two OUs. Dentition was divided into four occlusal support zones (OSZs) based on occluding pairs of posterior teeth by using Eichner classification: Class A had 4 OSZs, Class B had 1 to 3 OSZs or only anterior teeth, and Class C had no OSZ.
The TMD group lost significantly more posterior teeth (mean ± SD 5.1 ± 4.7) than the control group (4.0 ± 3.9, P = .033). The mean ± SD OUs of the TMD and control groups were 5.1 ± 4.6 and 6.0 ± 4.3, respectively, which was nonsignificant (NS). The distribution of Class A (40.7%), Class B (40.0%), and Class C (19.3%) among the TMD group was not significantly different from the control group (50.0%, 38.4%, and 11.6%, respectively, NS). The odds of having TMD were positively associated with total unilateral loss of OUs (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.2-9.4, P = .020) and total bilateral loss of OUs (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.2-6.6, P = .027).
Total loss of OSZs on one or both sides of the mouth were found to be predictors of TMD among elderly Vietnamese.
本研究旨在分析越南老年人中牙齿缺失、咬合支持与颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）之间的关联。
本研究纳入了145名患有TMD的参与者和112名非TMD参与者（对照组），年龄在65至74岁之间。使用颞下颌关节紊乱病诊断标准（DC/TMD）轴I对TMD进行评估。一个咬合单位（OU）定义为一颗牙齿的牙尖与其相对牙齿的窝的组合。一对前磨牙计为一个OU，一对磨牙计为两个OU。根据 Eichner 分类法，基于后牙的咬合对将牙列分为四个咬合支持区（OSZ）：A类有4个OSZ，B类有1至3个OSZ或仅有前牙，C类没有OSZ。
TMD组缺失的后牙明显多于对照组（均值±标准差 5.1±4.7）（对照组为4.0±3.9，P = 0.033）。TMD组和对照组的平均±标准差OU分别为5.1±4.6和6.0±4.3，差异无统计学意义（NS）。TMD组中A类（40.7%）、B类（40.0%）和C类（19.3%）的分布与对照组（分别为50.0%、38.4%和11.6%）相比，差异无统计学意义（NS）。患TMD的几率与OU的单侧总缺失（OR = 3.4，95%可信区间 = 1.2 - 9.4，P = 0.020）和OU的双侧总缺失（OR = 2.7，95%可信区间 = 1.2 - 6.6，P = 0.027）呈正相关。
发现口腔一侧或两侧的OSZ完全缺失是越南老年人群中TMD的预测因素。
