DI Fusco Stefania A, Colivicchi Furio, Nardi Federico
U.O.C. Cardiologia-UTIC, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy -
U.O.C. Cardiologia-UTIC, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Minerva Cardioangiol. 2017 Dec;65(6):579-588. doi: 10.23736/S0026-4725.17.04453-X. Epub 2017 Jul 27.
Syncope is a common symptom with a possibly unfavorable prognosis, especially when the cause is a cardiac disease. Often diagnostic workup requires multiple and challenging investigations to determine whether the patient has a structural heart disease. Cardiac imaging tests should be used when baseline clinical findings raise the suspicion of a cardiac syncope. Transthoracic echocardiography is the first line imaging examination as it helps establish the cause of syncope and supplies useful information for prognostic stratification by evaluating systolic ventricle function. Advanced imaging techniques such as multidetector computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging should be reserved for selected cases when echocardiography is inconclusive. With this review we aim to report the main information obtainable with cardiac imaging tests in patients with suspected or known cardiac syncope. We summarize the most common as well as rarer heart structural diseases which may cause syncope and briefly state the possible physio-pathologic mechanism. For each heart disease we describe the role of the various imaging techniques and the possible diagnostic and prognostic information provided by these techniques.
晕厥是一种常见症状，预后可能不佳，尤其是当病因是心脏病时。通常，诊断性检查需要进行多项具有挑战性的检查，以确定患者是否患有结构性心脏病。当基线临床检查结果引起对心源性晕厥的怀疑时，应使用心脏成像检查。经胸超声心动图是一线成像检查，因为它有助于确定晕厥原因，并通过评估心室收缩功能为预后分层提供有用信息。当超声心动图结果不明确时，多排螺旋计算机断层扫描和心脏磁共振成像等先进成像技术应仅用于特定病例。通过本综述，我们旨在报告在疑似或已知心源性晕厥患者中通过心脏成像检查可获得的主要信息。我们总结了可能导致晕厥的最常见以及较罕见的心脏结构疾病，并简要阐述了可能的生理病理机制。对于每种心脏病，我们描述了各种成像技术的作用以及这些技术提供的可能的诊断和预后信息。
