Lin Qing-Wei, He Feng, Ma Jian-Min, Zhang Yi, Liu Bi-Yun, Min Fen-Li, Dai Zhi-Gang, Zhou Qiao-Hong, Wu Zhen-Bin
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2017 Nov;145:266-273. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.037. Epub 2017 Jul 25.
Aluminate is generally used as a flocculant in water and wastewater treatment processes, but the residual aluminum (Al) may have toxic effects on aquatic organisms when the concentration accumulates beyond a threshold level. The in situ and laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the impact of residual Al on submerged macrophytes in West Lake, Hangzhou, China, which receives Al flocculant-purified water diverted from the Qiantang River. The responses of Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata were investigated based on their morphological and physiological parameters in pot culture and aquarium simulation experiments. In the pot culture experiments, the biomass, seedling number, plant height, stolon number, stolon length, and root weight were significantly higher at a site located 150m from the inlet compared with those at a site located 15m from the inlet (P < 0.05), thereby indicating that the residual Al significantly inhibited the morphological development of V. natans and H. verticillata. The variations in the chlorophyll-a, protein, and malondialdehyde contents of the two species in both the pot culture and aquarium simulation experiments also demonstrated that the two submerged macrophytes were stressed by residual Al. V. natans and H. verticillata accumulated 0.052-0.227mg of Al per gram of plant biomass (fresh weight, mg/g FW) and 0.045-0.205mg Al/g FW in the in situ experiments, respectively, where the amounts of Al were significantly higher in the plants in the treatment aquaria during the laboratory experiments than those in the controls. These results may have important implications for the restoration of submerged macrophytes and ecological risk assessments in Al-exposed lakes. It is recommended that the Al salt concentration used for the control of lake eutrophication should be reduced to an appropriate level.
在水和废水处理过程中,铝酸盐通常用作絮凝剂,但当残留铝(Al)的浓度累积超过阈值水平时,可能会对水生生物产生毒性作用。在中国杭州西湖进行了原位和实验室测试,以评估残留铝对沉水植物的影响,西湖接收从钱塘江引来的经铝絮凝剂净化的水。在盆栽培养和水族箱模拟实验中,基于苦草(Vallisneria natans)和黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)的形态和生理参数,研究了它们的响应。在盆栽培养实验中,与距离进水口15米处的位点相比,距离进水口150米处的位点的生物量、幼苗数量、株高、匍匐茎数量、匍匐茎长度和根重显著更高(P < 0.05),从而表明残留铝显著抑制了苦草和黑藻的形态发育。盆栽培养和水族箱模拟实验中这两个物种的叶绿素a、蛋白质和丙二醛含量的变化也表明,这两种沉水植物受到残留铝的胁迫。在原位实验中,苦草和黑藻每克植物生物量(鲜重,mg/g FW)分别积累了0.052 - 0.227毫克铝和0.045 - 0.205毫克铝,其中在实验室实验期间,处理水族箱中的植物中的铝含量显著高于对照中的植物。这些结果可能对铝污染湖泊中沉水植物的恢复和生态风险评估具有重要意义。建议将用于控制湖泊富营养化的铝盐浓度降低到适当水平。