Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Department of Cell Techniques and Applied Stem Cell Biology, Medical Faculty of University of Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Department of Cell Techniques and Applied Stem Cell Biology, Medical Faculty of University of Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Munich Technical University, Munich, Germany.
Drug Discov Today. 2017 Nov;22(11):1620-1636. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.07.008. Epub 2017 Jul 25.
Advanced chemotherapy fails to treat liver cancer but recent progress in understanding epigenetic modifications have witnessed promising clinical outcomes. Epigenetic alteration is the alteration of epigenomes (surrounding histone proteins) without changing the DNA sequence. Such epigenetic mechanisms include histone modifications such as methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation and sumoylation followed by changes in the genomic architecture. Current studies involving the understanding of small RNA molecules such as noncoding RNA and microRNA in modulating the chromatin architecture are explained in depth here, along with effects of some novel compounds from recent preclinical and clinical evidence. This review also discusses the current state-of-the-art strategies and the possible scope of investigation to improve the existing treatment methods for liver-related disorders.
高级化疗未能治疗肝癌，但近年来对表观遗传修饰的理解取得了进展，见证了有前景的临床结果。表观遗传改变是指在不改变 DNA 序列的情况下改变表观基因组（围绕组蛋白的）。这种表观遗传机制包括组蛋白修饰，如甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化和 sumoylation，随后基因组结构发生变化。目前的研究涉及对小 RNA 分子（如非编码 RNA 和 microRNA）在调节染色质结构中的作用的深入了解，以及来自最近的临床前和临床证据的一些新型化合物的影响。这篇综述还讨论了目前的最新策略和可能的研究范围，以改善与肝脏相关疾病的现有治疗方法。
