Gutiérrez Oyarce Alejandra, Ferrero Amparo, Estarlich Marisa, Esplugues Ana, Iñiguez Carmen, Ballester Ferran
Departament d'Infermeria, Universitat de València, Valencia, España.
Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Epidemiología y Salud Ambiental, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España.
Gac Sanit. 2018 Nov-Dec;32(6):507-512. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2017.05.012. Epub 2017 Jul 26.
To analyze the association between exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO) during pregnancy and the postnatal period up to the age of 2 years old and the incidence of respiratory problems in children from the INMA-Valencia cohort.
The study population included 624 children from the INMA-Valencia cohort. Individual exposure to NO was estimated in different environments outside the home during pregnancy and up to the age of 2 using empirical measurement and data from geo-statistical methods. Respiratory symptoms were obtained from a questionnaire applied at the age of two. The association between NO exposure and respiratory symptoms was performed using multivariate logistic regression.
The cumulative incidence was 16.3% for persistent cough, 34.9% for wheezing and 27.6% for lower respiratory tract infections. No association was found between respiratory symptoms and exposure to NO in any of the children. However an association between NO exposure and persistent cough was found at two years of life in the children with a parental history of allergy.
NO exposure would lead to persistent cough in children with a parental history of allergies.
分析孕期及产后至2岁期间二氧化氮（NO）暴露与INMA-瓦伦西亚队列研究中儿童呼吸道问题发病率之间的关联。
研究人群包括来自INMA-瓦伦西亚队列的624名儿童。利用经验测量和地理统计方法的数据，估算了孕期及2岁前在家庭以外不同环境中个体接触NO的情况。通过在2岁时应用的问卷获取呼吸道症状。采用多因素逻辑回归分析NO暴露与呼吸道症状之间的关联。
持续性咳嗽的累积发病率为16.3%，喘息为34.9%，下呼吸道感染为27.6%。在任何儿童中均未发现呼吸道症状与NO暴露之间存在关联。然而，在有父母过敏史的儿童中，发现2岁时NO暴露与持续性咳嗽之间存在关联。
对于有父母过敏史的儿童，NO暴露会导致持续性咳嗽。
