Sanua V D
Int J Neurosci. 1986 Sep;30(3):195-225. doi: 10.3109/00207458608985670.
Various theories have been provided in the literature regarding the etiology of infantile autism. It seems that the biological causation dominates the thinking of mental health practitioners and researchers irrespective of discipline. Areas of research include the following: neuropathological studies of the brain, autopsies, electroencephalograms, epileptic seizures, brain lateralization, studies in asymmetry; neurochemistry; genetics; and pre-, peri- and postnatal factors. A critical analysis of these studies has indicated that the evidence of organic factors tends to be rather weak and furthermore has been found to be contradictory. It is felt that the major problem lies in the fact that a large number of investigators include in their sampling children with various mental and physical disabilities and label them autistic. In general, there seems to be little information regarding the selection and little background information is offered on these children. It is suggested that a standardized and world wide diagnostic system be constructed which will provide objective etiological results.
文献中针对儿童自闭症的病因提出了各种理论。似乎无论学科如何，生物病因在心理健康从业者和研究人员的思维中都占据主导地位。研究领域包括以下方面：大脑的神经病理学研究、尸检、脑电图、癫痫发作、大脑偏侧化、不对称性研究；神经化学；遗传学；以及产前、产时和产后因素。对这些研究的批判性分析表明，有机因素的证据往往相当薄弱，而且还被发现相互矛盾。人们认为主要问题在于，大量研究人员在抽样时纳入了患有各种身心残疾的儿童，并将他们标记为自闭症患者。总体而言，关于这些儿童的选择似乎信息很少，也几乎没有提供背景信息。建议构建一个标准化的全球诊断系统，以提供客观的病因学结果。
