Bruno Antonio, Laganà Antonio Simone, Leonardi Valentina, Greco Domenica, Merlino Marzia, Vitale Salvatore Giovanni, Triolo Onofrio, Zoccali Rocco Antonio, Muscatello Maria Rosaria Anna
a Psychiatry Unit, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.
b Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi" , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Nov;31(22):3033-3038. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1362554. Epub 2017 Aug 11.
Among negative emotions, anger has not been studied in as much depth in her connection to postpartum mood disorders. The study aimed to investigate the role of anger as a potential vulnerability factor increasing the risk of Maternity Blues (MB) and Postpartum Depression (PPD).
Pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy underwent the following tests: the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory 2 - STAXI-2 (baseline visit), the Blues Questionnaire -BQ (3 and 5 days after delivery), and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) (3 and 6 months following delivery).
One hundred ten subjects were included in this study. The prevalence rate of mothers with MB was about 35%, whereas about 4% of women developed a PPD. Significant positive correlations were found among State anger (SANG), Trait anger (TANG), anger expression out (AXO) and in (AXI) and postpartum depressive disorders, as measured by blues questionnaire (BQ) and EPDS.
Anger experience and expression can be considered as vulnerability factors for postpartum mood disorders onset. Particularly, the expression of angry feelings toward other persons or objects in the environment (AXO) predicts the onset of MB, whereas holding in or suppressing angry feelings (AXI) could be a risk factor for subsequent PPD.
在负面情绪中，愤怒与产后情绪障碍的关联尚未得到深入研究。本研究旨在调查愤怒作为一个潜在的易患因素在增加产后情绪低落（MB）和产后抑郁症（PPD）风险方面的作用。
妊娠晚期孕妇接受了以下测试：状态-特质愤怒表达问卷-2（STAXI-2，基线访视）、情绪低落问卷（BQ，产后3天和5天）以及爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS，产后3个月和6个月）。
本研究纳入了110名受试者。患有MB的母亲患病率约为35%，而约4%的女性患上了PPD。通过情绪低落问卷（BQ）和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）测量发现，状态愤怒（SANG）、特质愤怒（TANG）、愤怒外向表达（AXO）和愤怒内向表达（AXI）与产后抑郁障碍之间存在显著正相关。
愤怒体验和表达可被视为产后情绪障碍发病的易患因素。特别是，对环境中的其他人或物体表达愤怒情绪（AXO）可预测MB的发病，而抑制愤怒情绪（AXI）可能是随后发生PPD的一个风险因素。
