Pati Sanghamitra, Bhattacharya Shreeporna, Swain Subhashisa
Director and Scientist G, Department of Health Research Centre, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Research Associate, Department of Public Health, Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Jun;11(6):LC10-LC13. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/22766.10014. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
Improved and efficient Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) has turned HIV positive into a chronic disorder. The increase in life expectancy and quality of life comes with an increased risk of multimorbidity from the traditional risk factors.
To explore the prevalence of multimorbidity among People Living with HIV (PLHIV).
An exploratory cross-sectional study was carried out in an ART center of Odisha, India, from November 2013 to December 2013. A systematic random sampling was done to include 197 adult HIV positive patients receiving ART at least for one year or more. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic profile, ART status, multimorbidity and opportunistic infections.
The prevalence of multimorbidity was 47.7% (95% CI 41% to 55%). Among them, the most common chronic conditions were pulmonary tuberculosis (28.4%), gastro-intestinal conditions (7.1%), neural disorders (5.1%) and hypertension (2.5%). In total, 48.7% had opportunistic infections; with 36% bacterial, 25% fungal and 21% viral infections.
The prevalence of multimorbidity was high among HIV positive patients. Further research should explore the epidemiology of multimorbidity among HIV positive patients to formulate proper clinical practice guidelines to enhance long-term outcomes of PLHIV in the current treatment era.
改良且高效的抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）已将HIV阳性转变为一种慢性疾病。预期寿命和生活质量的提高伴随着传统风险因素导致的多种疾病并存风险的增加。
探讨HIV感染者（PLHIV）中多种疾病并存的患病率。
2013年11月至2013年12月在印度奥里萨邦的一个ART中心开展了一项探索性横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样法纳入197例接受ART至少一年或更长时间的成年HIV阳性患者。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口学资料、ART状况、多种疾病并存情况和机会性感染的数据。
多种疾病并存的患病率为47.7%（95%可信区间41%至55%）。其中，最常见的慢性病为肺结核（28.4%）、胃肠道疾病（7.1%）、神经疾病（5.1%）和高血压（2.5%）。共有48.7%的患者发生机会性感染；其中细菌感染占36%，真菌感染占25%，病毒感染占21%。
HIV阳性患者中多种疾病并存的患病率较高。进一步的研究应探索HIV阳性患者中多种疾病并存的流行病学情况，以制定恰当的临床实践指南，在当前治疗时代提高PLHIV的长期治疗效果。
