Fogt Nick, Persson Tyler W
The Ohio State University College of Optometry, Columbus, Ohio (both authors).
Optom Vis Sci. 2017 Aug;94(8):789-796. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001100.
The purpose of the study was to measure and compare horizontal head and eye tracking movements as baseball batters "took" pitches and swung at baseball pitches.
Two former college baseball players were tested in two conditions. A pitching machine was used to project tennis balls toward the subjects. In the first condition, subjects acted as if they were taking (i.e., not swinging) the pitches. In the second condition, subjects attempted to bat the pitched balls. Head movements were measured with an inertial sensor; eye movements were measured with a video eye tracker.
For each condition, the relationship between the horizontal head and eye rotations was similar for the two subjects, as were the overall head-, eye-, and gaze-tracking strategies. In the "take" condition, head movements in the direction of the ball were larger than eye movements for much of the pitch trajectory. Large eye movements occurred only late in the pitch trajectory. Gaze was directed near the ball until approximately 150 milliseconds before the ball arrived at the batter, at which time gaze was directed ahead of the ball to a location near that occupied when the ball crosses the plate. In the "swing" condition, head movements in the direction of the ball were larger than eye movements throughout the pitch trajectory. Gaze was directed near the ball until approximately 50 to 60 milliseconds prior to pitch arrival at the batter.
Horizontal head rotations were larger than horizontal eye rotations in both the "take" and "swing" conditions. Gaze was directed ahead of the ball late in the pitch trajectory in the "take" condition, whereas gaze was directed near the ball throughout much of the pitch trajectory in the "swing" condition.
本研究的目的是测量和比较棒球击球手“接球”和挥棒击打投球时头部和眼睛的水平跟踪运动。
两名前大学棒球运动员在两种条件下接受测试。使用投球机向受试者投射网球。在第一种条件下，受试者表现得好像他们在接球（即不挥棒）。在第二种条件下，受试者试图击打投出的球。使用惯性传感器测量头部运动；使用视频眼动仪测量眼睛运动。
在每种条件下，两名受试者的水平头部和眼睛旋转之间的关系相似，整体头部、眼睛和注视跟踪策略也相似。在“接球”条件下，在球的大部分轨迹中，头部向球方向的运动大于眼睛的运动。大角度的眼睛运动只发生在球轨迹的后期。注视方向在球附近，直到球到达击球手前约150毫秒，此时注视方向指向球前方、球穿过本垒板时所占据位置附近的一点。在“挥棒”条件下，在整个球轨迹中，头部向球方向的运动大于眼睛的运动。注视方向在球附近，直到球到达击球手前约50至60毫秒。
在“接球”和“挥棒”两种条件下，水平头部旋转均大于水平眼睛旋转。在“接球”条件下，注视方向在球轨迹后期指向球前方；而在“挥棒”条件下，注视方向在球的大部分轨迹中都指向球附近。
