Karanovic Ivana, Sitnikova Tatiana Ya
Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, 7001, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 664033, Irkutsk, Russia.
Zookeys. 2017 Jul 11(684):19-56. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.684.13249. eCollection 2017.
Uncoupling between molecular and morphological evolution is common in many animal and plant lineages. This is especially frequent among groups living in ancient deep lakes, because these ecosystems promote rapid morphological diversification, and has already been demonstrated for Tanganyika cychlid fishes and Baikal amphipods. Ostracods are also very diverse in these ecosystems, with 107 candonid species described so far from Baikal, majority of them in the genera Baird, 1845 and Kaufmann, 1900. Here we study their morphological and molecular diversity based on four genes (two nuclear and two mitochondrial), 10 species from the lake, and 28 other species from around the world. The results of our phylogenetic analysis based on a concatenated data set, along with sequence diversity, support only two genetic lineages in the lake and indicate that a majority of the Baikal and species should be excluded from these genera. We describe a new genus, , to include five Baikal species, all redescribed here. We also amend the diagnosis for the endemic genus Mazepova, 1972 and redescribe two species. Our study confirms an exceptional morphological diversity of Lake Baikal candonids and shows that both Baikal lineages are closely related to , but only distantly to .
分子进化与形态进化之间的解耦在许多动植物谱系中很常见。这在生活在古老深湖中的群体中尤为频繁，因为这些生态系统促进了快速的形态多样化，并且已经在坦噶尼喀丽鱼科鱼类和贝加尔湖桡足类动物中得到了证明。介形虫在这些生态系统中也非常多样，到目前为止，已从贝加尔湖描述了107种烛介虫科物种，其中大多数属于1845年的拜尔德属和1900年的考夫曼属。在这里，我们基于四个基因（两个核基因和两个线粒体基因）、来自该湖的10个物种以及来自世界各地的其他28个物种，研究了它们的形态和分子多样性。我们基于串联数据集的系统发育分析结果以及序列多样性表明，该湖中只有两个遗传谱系，并且表明贝加尔湖的大多数物种应该被排除在这些属之外。我们描述了一个新属， ，以包括五个贝加尔湖物种，所有这些物种都在此重新描述。我们还修订了1972年特有属马泽波娃属的诊断，并重新描述了两个物种。我们的研究证实了贝加尔湖烛介虫具有异常的形态多样性，并表明贝加尔湖的两个谱系都与 密切相关，但与 关系较远。
