Department of Neurotraumatology and Traumatology, Children's University Hospital, Warsaw Medical University, 63A Żwirki i Wigury Street, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Immunopathology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Warsaw Medical University, 3C Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1039:95-102. doi: 10.1007/5584_2017_77.
Over the past two decades, many hypotheses have been put forward to explain the cause of knee osteoarthritis. Scientific reports bring up the role of adipose tissue in the activation of the inflammatory mechanisms, which is a characteristic feature of osteoarthritis natural history. Adipose tissue produces and releases cytokines, interleukins, and growth factors by means of paracrine, endocrine, and autocrine mechanisms. Hoffa's fat pad (infrapatellar adipose tissue) plays a viable role in the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis due to its role in the activation and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. The degenerative joint disease is considered an inflammatory process. Therefore, in this article we overview the importance of Hoffa's fat pad in the development and progression of osteoarthritis.
在过去的二十年中，人们提出了许多假说来解释膝关节骨关节炎的病因。科学研究报告提出了脂肪组织在炎症机制激活中的作用，这是骨关节炎自然史的一个特征。脂肪组织通过旁分泌、内分泌和自分泌机制产生和释放细胞因子、白细胞介素和生长因子。由于其在促炎介质的激活和释放中的作用，髌下脂肪垫（髌下脂肪组织）在骨关节炎的发生和进展中起着重要作用。退行性关节疾病被认为是一种炎症过程。因此，在本文中，我们综述了髌下脂肪垫在骨关节炎发展和进展中的重要性。
