Kigata Tetsuhito, Ikegami Reona, Shibata Hideshi
Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty and Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
Department of Basic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
Anat Sci Int. 2018 Mar;93(2):291-298. doi: 10.1007/s12565-017-0411-0. Epub 2017 Aug 2.
Intestinal surgery is commonly performed to cure bowel obstruction in rabbits, but detailed descriptions of the arterial supply to the intestine are incomplete. We investigated anatomical variations of the distribution of the cranial mesenteric artery to the intestine in 33 New Zealand White rabbits by injecting colored latex into the arteries. The cranial mesenteric artery arose independently from the abdominal aorta at about 2.0 cm caudal to the celiac artery and branched off the pancreaticoduodenal, middle colic, ileocecocolic, jejunal and ileal arteries. One or occasionally two caudal pancreaticoduodenal arteries supplied the distal duodenum, and one to three middle colic arteries supplied the transverse colon and the initial portion of the descending colon. The ileocecocolic artery arose distal to the middle colic arteries and provided the right colic, ileocecal and appendicular arteries, and branches to the proximal colon, with various branching patterns, which were grouped into four major types. These arteries and branches supplied the ileum, cecum, appendix and proximal colon. The cranial mesenteric artery also provided the jejunal arteries (predominantly 17; range 11-21) and one ileal artery supplying the jejunum and proximal ileum, respectively. The results show that the distribution patterns of the cranial mesenteric artery to the intestine in the rabbit are highly specialized to this species. Such specialization should always be considered when performing intestinal surgery in rabbits.
肠道手术常用于治疗兔肠梗阻，但关于肠道动脉供应的详细描述并不完整。我们通过向动脉内注入彩色乳胶，研究了33只新西兰白兔肠系膜上动脉向肠道分布的解剖变异。肠系膜上动脉在腹腔动脉尾侧约2.0 cm处独立发自腹主动脉，分支为胰十二指肠动脉、中结肠动脉、回盲结肠动脉、空肠动脉和回肠动脉。一或偶尔两支胰十二指肠后动脉供应十二指肠远端，一至三支中结肠动脉供应横结肠和降结肠起始部。回盲结肠动脉在中结肠动脉远端发出，发出右结肠动脉（原文有误，此处应为right colic artery）、回盲动脉和阑尾动脉，并分支至近端结肠，分支模式多样，分为四种主要类型。这些动脉及其分支供应回肠、盲肠、阑尾和近端结肠。肠系膜上动脉还发出空肠动脉（主要为17支；范围为11 - 21支）和一支回肠动脉，分别供应空肠和回肠近端。结果表明，兔肠系膜上动脉向肠道的分布模式对该物种具有高度特异性。在对兔进行肠道手术时，应始终考虑到这种特异性。
