Zelenak Christine, Radenovic Sara, Musial-Bright Lindy, Tahirovic Elvis, Sacirovic Mesud, Lee Chong-Bin, Jahandar-Lashki Diana, Inkrot Simone, Trippel Tobias Daniel, Busjahn Andreas, Hashemi Djawid, Wachter Rolf, Pankuweit Sabine, Störk Stefan, Pieske Burkert, Edelmann Frank, Düngen Hans-Dirk
Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin-Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Cardiology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand.
ESC Heart Fail. 2017 Aug;4(3):224-231. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.12144. Epub 2017 Mar 22.
Previous studies demonstrated poor public awareness of heart failure (HF) compared with myocardial infarction and stroke. With respect to several activities to improve HF awareness in recent years, we present data on the development of HF awareness and information sources in Germany over 8 years.
In 2007, 2012, and 2015, respectively, 2531, 359, and 171 respondents answered questions about causes, presentation, prognosis, and treatment of HF from a survey developed by the German Competence Network HF. Relationships between respondents' sociodemographic data and their HF knowledge were explored and changes in knowledge and use of information sources analysed. Sixty-eight per cent of respondents knew HF as 'weakness of the heart'. Seventy-nine per cent knew shortness of breath, 74% reduced exercise tolerance, and 52% knew leg edema as symptoms. Only 40% knew all three symptoms. Although up to 34% of the respondents were directly or indirectly affected by HF, they demonstrated poor knowledge about severity and prognosis. Between 2007 and 2015, overall HF awareness has not changed; awareness about treatment has dropped significantly. Younger respondents used all media, especially internet, for information about health; older respondents preferred printed/verbal media and their physician.
We found rather insufficient public knowledge on HF etiology and symptoms but especially about management, severity, and prognosis, which is essential for good self-care and adherence of patients. Heart failure awareness has not improved even though awareness campaigns were held over the years. It seems that especially older patients should be much more approached by their family physicians.
先前的研究表明，与心肌梗死和中风相比，公众对心力衰竭（HF）的认知较差。针对近年来为提高HF认知所开展的多项活动，我们呈现了德国8年来HF认知及信息来源的发展数据。
分别在2007年、2012年和2015年，有2531名、359名和171名受访者回答了由德国心力衰竭能力网络开发的一项关于HF病因、表现、预后及治疗的调查问卷中的问题。探讨了受访者的社会人口统计学数据与其HF知识之间的关系，并分析了知识及信息来源使用情况的变化。68%的受访者知道HF是“心脏衰弱”。79%的人知道呼吸急促，74%的人知道运动耐量下降，52%的人知道腿部水肿是症状。只有40%的人知道所有这三种症状。尽管高达34%的受访者直接或间接受到HF影响，但他们对疾病的严重程度和预后了解甚少。在2007年至2015年期间，总体HF认知没有变化；对治疗的认知显著下降。年轻受访者使用所有媒体获取健康信息，尤其是互联网；年长受访者更喜欢印刷/口头媒体及其医生。
我们发现公众对HF病因和症状的了解相当不足，尤其是对管理、严重程度和预后的了解，而这些对于患者良好的自我护理和依从性至关重要。尽管多年来开展了提高认知的活动，但心力衰竭的认知并未得到改善。似乎家庭医生尤其应该更多地关注老年患者。
