Chen Meiling, Wang Chuangui, Fei Benhua, Ma Xinxin, Zhang Bo, Zhang Shuangyan, Huang Anmin
International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China.
Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
Materials (Basel). 2017 Jul 20;10(7):834. doi: 10.3390/ma10070834.
Chinese fir ( (Lamb.) Hook.) has been an important afforestation species in northeast China. It has obvious defects of buckling and cracking easily, which are caused by its chemical components. (L.) Lloyd, a white-rot fungus, can decompose the cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the wood. White-rot fungus was used to biologically degrade Chinese fir wood. The effects of different degradation time on the Chinese fir wood's mechanical properties, micromorphology, chemical components, and crystallinity were studied. The results showed that the heartwood of Chinese fir was more durable than the sapwood and the durability class of Chinese fir was III. (L.) Lloyd had a greater influence on the mechanical properties (especially with respect to the modulus of elasticity (MOE)) for the sapwood. (L.) Lloyd degraded Chinese fir and colonized the lumen of various wood cell types in Chinese fir, penetrated cell walls via pits, caused erosion troughs and bore holes, and removed all cell layers. The ability of white-rot fungus to change the chemical composition mass fraction for Chinese fir was: hemicellulose > lignin > cellulose. The durability of the chemical compositions was: lignin > cellulose > hemicellulose. The crystallinity of the cellulose decreased and the mean size of the ordered (crystalline) domains increased after being treated by white-rot fungus.
杉木（(Lamb.) Hook.）一直是中国东北地区重要的造林树种。它存在明显的易弯曲和开裂缺陷，这是由其化学成分导致的。白腐菌（(L.) Lloyd）能够分解木材中的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素。利用白腐菌对杉木木材进行生物降解。研究了不同降解时间对杉木木材力学性能、微观形态、化学成分和结晶度的影响。结果表明，杉木的心材比边材更耐用，杉木的耐久性等级为III级。(L.) Lloyd对边材的力学性能（尤其是弹性模量（MOE））有更大影响。(L.) Lloyd降解杉木并在杉木各种木材细胞类型的细胞腔中定殖，通过纹孔穿透细胞壁，形成侵蚀槽和钻孔，并去除所有细胞层。白腐菌改变杉木化学成分质量分数的能力为：半纤维素＞木质素＞纤维素。化学成分的耐久性为：木质素＞纤维素＞半纤维素。经白腐菌处理后，纤维素的结晶度降低，有序（结晶）域的平均尺寸增大。
