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内燃机车隔热材料（铝-聚氨酯）火灾危险性的试验研究

Experimental Study of Fire Hazards of Thermal-Insulation Material in Diesel Locomotive: Aluminum-Polyurethane.

作者信息

Zhang Taolin, Zhou Xiaodong, Yang Lizhong

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China.

Collaborative Innovation Center for Urban Public Safety, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2016 Mar 5;9(3):168. doi: 10.3390/ma9030168.

DOI:10.3390/ma9030168
PMID:28773295
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5456725/
Abstract

This work investigated experimentally and theoretically the fire hazards of thermal-insulation materials used in diesel locomotives under different radiation heat fluxes. Based on the experimental results, the critical heat flux for ignition was determined to be 6.15 kW/m² and 16.39 kW/m² for pure polyurethane and aluminum-polyurethane respectively. A theoretical model was established for both to predict the fire behaviors under different circumstances. The fire behavior of the materials was evaluated based on the flashover and the total heat release rate (HRR). The fire hazards levels were classified based on different experimental results. It was found that the fire resistance performance of aluminum-polyurethane is much better than that of pure-polyurethane under various external heat fluxes. The concentration of toxic pyrolysis volatiles generated from aluminum-polyurethane materials is much higher than that of pure polyurethane materials, especially when the heat flux is below 50 kW/m². The hazard index during peak width time was proposed based on the comprehensive impact of time and concentrations. The predicted in this model coincides with the existed N-gas and FED models which are generally used to evaluate the fire gas hazard in previous researches. The integrated model named HNF was proposed as well to estimate the fire hazards of materials by interpolation and weighted average calculation.

摘要

这项工作通过实验和理论研究了柴油机车所用保温材料在不同辐射热通量下的火灾危险性。基于实验结果，确定纯聚氨酯和铝 - 聚氨酯的点火临界热通量分别为6.15千瓦/平方米和16.39千瓦/平方米。为两者建立了理论模型，以预测不同情况下的火灾行为。基于轰燃和总热释放速率（HRR）对材料的火灾行为进行了评估。根据不同的实验结果对火灾危险等级进行了分类。结果发现，在各种外部热通量下，铝 - 聚氨酯的耐火性能远优于纯聚氨酯。铝 - 聚氨酯材料产生的有毒热解挥发物浓度远高于纯聚氨酯材料，尤其是当热通量低于50千瓦/平方米时。基于时间和浓度的综合影响，提出了峰值宽度时间内的危险指数。该模型中的预测结果与以往研究中通常用于评估火灾气体危险性的现有N - 气体和FED模型一致。还提出了名为HNF 的综合模型，通过插值和加权平均计算来估计材料的火灾危险性。

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本文引用的文献

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Orientation effect on cone calorimeter test results to assess fire hazard of materials.取向对评估材料火灾危险性的锥形量热仪测试结果的影响。
J Hazard Mater. 2009 Dec 30;172(2-3):763-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.061. Epub 2009 Jul 23.
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Ability of the Fire Propagation Apparatus to characterise the heat release rate of energetic materials.火焰传播装置表征含能材料热释放速率的能力。
J Hazard Mater. 2009 Jul 30;166(2-3):916-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.11.100. Epub 2008 Dec 3.