Sassu Mauro, De Falco Anna, Giresini Linda, Puppio Mario Lucio
Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Constructions Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lazzarino 1, Pisa 56122, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2016 May 7;9(5):346. doi: 10.3390/ma9050346.
Experimental tests and constructive assessments are presented for a simple bamboo framed structure with innovative low-cost and low technology joints, specifically conceived for small buildings in developing countries. Two full scale one-storey bamboo frames have been designed by using the simplest joints solution among three different tested typologies. The entire building process is based on low-technology and natural materials: bamboo canes, wooden cylinders, plywood plates and canapé rods. The first full scale specimen (Unit A) is a one-storey single deck truss structure subjected to monotonic collapse test; the second full scale specimen (Unit B) is a one-storey double deck truss structure used to evaluate the construction time throughout assembling tests. The first full scale specimen showed ductility in collapse and ease in strengthening; the second one showed remarkable ease and speed in assembling structural elements. Finally several constructive solutions are suggested for the design of simple one-storey buildings; they are addressed to four purposes (housing, school, chapel, health center) by the composition of the proposed full scale bamboo frames. Ease of use and maintenance with a low level of technology contribute to application in developing countries although not exclusively.
本文介绍了一种简单的竹框架结构的试验测试和建设性评估，该结构采用了创新的低成本、低技术节点，专为发展中国家的小型建筑而设计。通过在三种不同测试类型中使用最简单的节点解决方案，设计了两个全尺寸的单层竹框架。整个建筑过程基于低技术和天然材料：竹杆、木圆柱、胶合板和檐篷杆。第一个全尺寸试件（A单元）是一个单层单甲板桁架结构，进行单调破坏试验；第二个全尺寸试件（B单元）是一个单层双甲板桁架结构，用于通过组装试验评估施工时间。第一个全尺寸试件在破坏时表现出延性且易于加固；第二个试件在组装结构元件时表现出显著的简便性和速度。最后，针对单层简易建筑的设计提出了几种建设性解决方案；通过所提出的全尺寸竹框架的组合，这些方案适用于四种用途（住房、学校、教堂、健康中心）。尽管并非仅适用于发展中国家，但易于使用和维护且技术水平较低有助于在发展中国家应用。
