Mahmoud Essam R I, Tash Mahmoud M
Mechanical Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
Welding and NDT Laboratory, Manufacturing Technology Department, Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), Cairo 11421, Egypt.
Materials (Basel). 2016 Jun 23;9(7):505. doi: 10.3390/ma9070505.
Surface composite layers were successfully fabricated on an A 1050-H24 aluminum plate by dispersed iron (Fe) and magnetite (Fe₃O₄) particles through friction stir processing (FSP). Fe and Fe₃O₄ powders were packed into a groove of 3 mm in width and 1.5 mm in depth, cut on the aluminum plate, and covered with an aluminum sheet that was 2-mm thick. A friction stir processing (FSP) tool of square probe shape, rotated at a rate of 1000-2000 rpm, was plunged into the plate through the cover sheet and the groove, and moved along the groove at a travelling speed of 1.66 mm/s. Double and triple passes were applied. As a result, it is found that the Fe particles were homogenously distributed in the whole nugget zone at a rotation speed of 1000 rpm after triple FSP passes. Limited interfacial reactions occurred between the Fe particles and the aluminum matrix. On the other hand, the lower rotation speed (1000 rpm) was not enough to form a sound nugget when the dispersed particles were changed to the larger Fe₃O₄. The Fe₃O₄ particles were dispersed homogenously in a sound nugget zone when the rotation speed was increased to 1500 rpm. No reaction products could be detected between the Fe₃O₄ particles and the aluminum matrix. The saturation magnetization (Ms) of the Fe-dispersed nugget zone was higher than that of the Fe₃O₄-dispersed nugget zone. Moreover, there were good agreement between the obtained saturation magnetization values relative to that of pure Fe and Fe₃O₄ materials and the volume content of the dispersed particles in the nugget zone.
通过搅拌摩擦加工（FSP），将铁（Fe）和磁铁矿（Fe₃O₄）颗粒分散在A 1050-H24铝板上，成功制备了表面复合层。将Fe和Fe₃O₄粉末填充到铝板上切割出的宽度为3 mm、深度为1.5 mm的凹槽中，并用2 mm厚的铝板覆盖。将方形探针形状的搅拌摩擦加工（FSP）工具以1000-2000 rpm的转速旋转，通过盖板和凹槽插入板材中，并以1.66 mm/s的行进速度沿凹槽移动。进行了两次和三次通过。结果发现，在三次FSP通过后，转速为1000 rpm时，Fe颗粒均匀分布在整个焊核区。Fe颗粒与铝基体之间发生了有限的界面反应。另一方面，当分散颗粒变为较大的Fe₃O₄时，较低的转速（1000 rpm）不足以形成良好的焊核。当转速提高到1500 rpm时，Fe₃O₄颗粒均匀分散在良好的焊核区。在Fe₃O₄颗粒与铝基体之间未检测到反应产物。Fe分散焊核区的饱和磁化强度（Ms）高于Fe₃O₄分散焊核区。此外，相对于纯Fe和Fe₃O₄材料获得的饱和磁化强度值与焊核区中分散颗粒的体积含量之间具有良好的一致性。
