Koplík Jan, Kalina Lukáš, Másilko Jiří, Šoukal František
Materials Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, Brno 61200, Czech Republic.
Materials (Basel). 2016 Jun 30;9(7):533. doi: 10.3390/ma9070533.
The fixation of heavy metals (Ba, Cu, Pb) in an alkali-activated matrix was investigated. The matrix consisted of fly ash and blast furnace slag (BFS). The mixture of NaOH and Na-silicate was used as alkaline activator. Three analytical techniques were used to describe the fixation of heavy metals-X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). All heavy metals formed insoluble salts after alkaline activation. Ba was fixed as BaSO₄, and only this product was crystalline. EDS mapping showed that Ba was cumulated in some regions and formed clusters. Pb was present in the form of Pb(OH)₂ and was dispersed throughout the matrix on the edges of BFS grains. Cu was fixed as Cu(OH)₂ and also was cumulated in some regions and formed clusters. Cu was present in two different chemical states; apart from Cu(OH)₂, a Cu-O bond was also identified.
研究了碱激活基体中重金属（钡、铜、铅）的固定情况。该基体由粉煤灰和高炉矿渣（BFS）组成。氢氧化钠和硅酸钠的混合物用作碱性活化剂。采用三种分析技术来描述重金属的固定情况——X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、配备能量色散X射线光谱仪（EDS）的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）以及X射线粉末衍射（XRD）。碱性活化后，所有重金属均形成了不溶性盐。钡以硫酸钡的形式固定，且只有该产物是结晶的。EDS映射显示钡在某些区域累积并形成簇状物。铅以氢氧化铅的形式存在，并分散在整个基体中，位于BFS颗粒的边缘。铜以氢氧化铜的形式固定，也在某些区域累积并形成簇状物。铜存在两种不同的化学状态；除了氢氧化铜外，还鉴定出了铜 - 氧键。
