Yin Aishu, Xu Feng, Zhang Xueming
Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Materials (Basel). 2016 Sep 6;9(9):758. doi: 10.3390/ma9090758.
Biomass is the most plentiful and well-utilized renewable carbon resource on the earth. Direct conversion of biomass to carbon aerogel provides a promising approach to develop adsorbent materials. In the present work, the effect of presence of water during hydrothermal treatment and holding temperature during post-pyrolysis process have been investigated for the preparation of carbon aerogels (CAs) using eggplant as raw material. The results showed that the addition of water during hydrothermal treatment was advantageous for the preparation of CA samples with higher surface area and stronger hydrophobicity, resulting in superior adsorption capacities of CAs for both oil and organic solvents compared with that fabricated without the presence of water. The optimized carbon aerogel possessed higher specific surface of 249 m²·g and exhibited excellent hydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 133°. The adsorption capacities of carbon aerogel for oils and organic solvents could reach 35-45 times its own weight. In addition, the adsorbed oil and organic solvents could be recovered by distillation, and the regenerated carbon aerogels samples exhibited the stable performance and outstanding reusability. Therefore, the carbon aerogel has great potential in application of oil recovery and environmental protection.
生物质是地球上最丰富且利用充分的可再生碳资源。将生物质直接转化为碳气凝胶为开发吸附材料提供了一种很有前景的方法。在本工作中，研究了以茄子为原料制备碳气凝胶（CA）时水热过程中水分的存在以及热解后保温温度的影响。结果表明，水热过程中添加水有利于制备具有更高比表面积和更强疏水性的CA样品，与无水条件下制备的CA相比，其对油类和有机溶剂的吸附容量更高。优化后的碳气凝胶具有249 m²·g的较高比表面积，水接触角为133°，表现出优异的疏水性。碳气凝胶对油类和有机溶剂的吸附容量可达其自身重量的35 - 45倍。此外，吸附的油类和有机溶剂可通过蒸馏回收，再生后的碳气凝胶样品表现出稳定的性能和出色的可重复使用性。因此，碳气凝胶在采油和环境保护应用中具有巨大潜力。
