Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
J Environ Sci (China). 2017 Aug;58:127-134. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.04.009. Epub 2017 Apr 21.
Iodine containing disinfection by-products (I-DBPs) and haloacetaldehydes (HALs) are emerging disinfection by-product (DBP) classes of concern. The former due to its increased potential toxicity and the latter because it was found to be the third most relevant DBP class in mass in a U.S. nationwide drinking water study. These DBP classes have been scarcely investigated, and this work was performed to further explore their formation in drinking water under chlorination and chloramination scenarios. In order to do this, iodo-trihalomethanes (I-THMs), iodo-haloacetic acids (I-HAAs) and selected HALs (mono-HALs and di-HALs species, including iodoacetaldehyde) were investigated in DBP mixtures generated after chlorination and chloramination of different water matrices containing different levels of bromide and iodide in laboratory controlled reactions. Results confirmed the enhancement of I-DBP formation in the presence of monochloramine. While I-THMs and I-HAAs contributed almost equally to total I-DBP concentrations in chlorinated water, I-THMs contributed the most to total I-DBP levels in the case of chloraminated water. The most abundant and common I-THM species generated were bromochloroiodomethane, dichloroiodomethane, and chlorodiiodomethane. Iodoacetic acid and chloroiodoacetic acid contributed the most to the total I-HAA concentrations measured in the investigated disinfected water. As for the studied HALs, dihalogenated species were the compounds that predominantly formed under both investigated treatments.
含碘消毒副产物（I-DBPs）和卤代乙腈（HALs）是新兴的消毒副产物（DBP）类别，引起人们关注。前者由于其潜在毒性增加，后者则因为在美国全国性饮用水研究中发现其是第三大相关 DBP 类别。这些 DBP 类别尚未得到充分研究，因此开展了这项工作，以进一步探索它们在氯化和氯胺化条件下饮用水中的形成情况。为了实现这一目标，碘三卤甲烷（I-THMs）、碘卤代乙酸（I-HAAs）和选定的 HALs（单 HALs 和二 HALs 物种，包括碘乙醛）在不同水基质的氯化和氯胺化实验室控制反应中生成的 DBP 混合物中进行了研究，这些水基质含有不同水平的溴化物和碘化物。结果证实了在存在一氯胺的情况下增强了 I-DBP 的形成。虽然在氯化水中 I-THMs 和 I-HAAs 对总 I-DBP 浓度的贡献几乎相等，但在氯胺化水中 I-THMs 对总 I-DBP 水平的贡献最大。生成的最丰富和最常见的 I-THM 物种是溴氯碘甲烷、二氯碘甲烷和氯二碘甲烷。碘乙酸和氯碘乙酸对在所研究的消毒水中测量的总 I-HAA 浓度的贡献最大。对于所研究的 HALs，二卤化物种是在两种研究处理下主要形成的化合物。
