Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2017 Aug;58:322-330. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.03.028. Epub 2017 Mar 30.
The comprehensive control efficiency for the formation potentials (FPs) of a range of regulated and unregulated halogenated disinfection by-products (DBPs) (including carbonaceous DBPs (C-DBPs), nitrogenous DBPs (N-DBPs), and iodinated DBPs (I-DBPs)) with the multiple drinking water treatment processes, including pre-ozonation, conventional treatment (coagulation-sedimentation, pre-sand filtration), ozone-biological activated carbon (O-BAC) advanced treatment, and post-sand filtration, was investigated. The potential toxic risks of DBPs by combing their FPs and toxicity values were also evaluated. The results showed that the multiple drinking water treatment processes had superior performance in removing organic/inorganic precursors and reducing the formation of a range of halogenated DBPs. Therein, ozonation significantly removed bromide and iodide, and thus reduced the formation of brominated and iodinated DBPs. The removal of organic carbon and nitrogen precursors by the conventional treatment processes was substantially improved by O-BAC advanced treatment, and thus prevented the formation of chlorinated C-DBPs and N-DBPs. However, BAC filtration leads to the increased formation of brominated C-DBPs and N-DBPs due to the increase of bromide/DOC and bromide/DON. After the whole multiple treatment processes, the rank order for integrated toxic risk values caused by these halogenated DBPs was haloacetonitriles (HANs)≫haloacetamides (HAMs)>haloacetic acids (HAAs)>trihalomethanes (THMs)>halonitromethanes (HNMs)≫I-DBPs (I-HAMs and I-THMs). I-DBPs failed to cause high integrated toxic risk because of their very low FPs. The significant higher integrated toxic risk value caused by HANs than other halogenated DBPs cannot be ignored.
采用多种饮用水处理工艺（包括预臭氧化、常规处理（混凝-沉淀、预砂滤）、臭氧-生物活性炭（O-BAC）深度处理和后砂滤）研究了形成潜力（FPs）的一系列受管制和不受管制的卤代消毒副产物（DBPs）（包括碳质 DBPs（C-DBPs）、含氮 DBPs（N-DBPs）和碘代 DBPs（I-DBPs））的综合控制效率，并结合它们的 FP 和毒性值评估了 DBPs 的潜在毒性风险。结果表明，多种饮用水处理工艺在去除有机/无机前体和减少一系列卤代 DBPs 的形成方面表现出优异的性能。其中，臭氧化显著去除溴化物和碘化物，从而减少了溴代和碘代 DBPs 的形成。O-BAC 深度处理大大提高了常规处理工艺去除有机碳和氮前体的能力，从而防止了氯化 C-DBPs 和 N-DBPs 的形成。然而，BAC 过滤会导致溴化物/DOC 和溴化物/DON 的增加，从而导致溴代 C-DBPs 和 N-DBPs 的形成增加。经过整个多处理过程，这些卤代 DBPs 引起的综合毒性风险值的排序顺序为卤乙腈（HANs）≫卤乙酰胺（HAMs）>卤乙酸（HAAs）>三卤甲烷（THMs）>卤代硝基甲烷（HNMs）≫I-DBPs（I-HAMs 和 I-THMs）。由于 FP 非常低，I-DBPs 并未导致高综合毒性风险。HANs 引起的显著高于其他卤代 DBPs 的综合毒性风险值不容忽视。
