Seyhan Ercan, Cengiz Salih
Jandarma ve Sahil Güvenlik Akademisi, Beytepe-ANKARA, Turkey.
Istanbul University Forensic Sciences Institute, Istanbul, Turkey.
Egypt J Forensic Sci. 2017;7(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s41935-017-0011-0. Epub 2017 Jul 18.
The case relates to a bookstore owner claiming that two DM-41 hand grenades were exploded simultaneously in his store. There were three males together at the store when the explosion occurred. One was the owner who claimed that he escaped after the explosion without any harm; the other was at the corner lying down to prevent his body from the explosion effect. He survived with very minor, almost no effects.
According to the hospital report, it was stated that "cuts on the right femur with sizes of 0.5x2 and 0.5x1 cm and one cut of 0.5x2,0 cm on the left food which are curable with simple medical intervention; generalized skin erosions on body with the sizes between 0,5 to 1,0 cm"; the third male was standing and killed. He was next to the lying down male. At the autopsy report it was stated that the he was killed due to the shrapnel/fragmentation effect, breaks on humerus, radius, femur and cranium; cerebral and internal hemorrhage. The males witnessed at the court that they had survived with no vital damage on their bodies, they had seen the perpetrators and heard them talking. With the fact that the deceased male was intensively affected with the fragmentation/shrapnel due to the autopsy report, it was the court's wonder if it is possible for the survived men to have no or very minor nonfatal fragmentation effect on their bodies even being in the same room with the deceased.
It was mainly aimed to test the fragmentation effect of 2 DM-41 defence hand grenades when detonated in a closed environment (an empty room with the approximately same size of the related case). The test room was empty with no secondary fragmentation sources as window glasses etc. 3 male mannequins were used as test materials. With the post blast reconstruction of the crime scene, it was aimed to determine if the test results and the autopsy report are very coherent and the persons having the direct blast effect would be expected having maximum exposure to the fragmentation.
该案件涉及一名书店老板，他声称有两枚DM - 41手榴弹在他的店里同时爆炸。爆炸发生时，店里有三名男性。一名是店主，他声称爆炸后毫发无损地逃脱了；另一名在角落里躺着以避免身体受到爆炸冲击，他受了非常轻微的伤，几乎没有什么影响。
根据医院报告，上面写道：“右股骨有大小为0.5×2厘米和0.5×1厘米的伤口，左足部有一处0.5×2.0厘米的伤口，通过简单的医疗干预即可治愈；身体上有大小在0.5至1.0厘米之间的全身性皮肤糜烂”；第三名男性当时站着，被炸死了。他就在躺着的男性旁边。尸检报告称，他是因弹片/碎片效应、肱骨、桡骨、股骨和颅骨骨折以及脑内和内出血而死亡。这些男性在法庭上作证说，他们身体没有受到致命伤害而幸存下来，他们看到了行凶者并听到了他们说话。鉴于尸检报告显示已故男性受到了严重的碎片/弹片伤害，法庭感到疑惑的是，即使与死者在同一房间，幸存的男性身体是否有可能没有或仅有非常轻微的非致命性碎片影响。
主要目的是测试2枚DM - 41防御手榴弹在封闭环境（一个与相关案件大小大致相同的空房间）中引爆时的碎片效应。测试房间是空的，没有窗户玻璃等二次碎片源。使用了3个男性人体模型作为测试材料。通过对犯罪现场进行爆炸后重建，旨在确定测试结果与尸检报告是否非常一致，以及直接受到爆炸影响的人是否会受到最大程度的碎片暴露。
